| 塞语 | |
|---|---|
| Khotanese, Tumshuqese | |
| 母语国家和地区 | 于阗王国及其周边、图木舒克、Murtuq以及疏勒王国[1] |
| 区域 | 塔里木盆地(目前属中国地区) |
| 族群 | 塞迦 |
| 年代 | 100 BC – 1000 AD[2] |
| 语系 | |
| 方言 | 于阗语
图木舒克语
|
| 文字 | 婆罗米文、佉卢文 |
| 语言代码 | |
| ISO 639-2 | kho |
| ISO 639-3 | 两者之一：kho – Khotanesextq – Tumshuqese |
| 语言学家列表 | kho (Khotanese) |
| xtq (Tumshuqese) | |
| Glottolog | saka1298[3] |
塞语（Saka、Sakan），又称东部塞语，是一种曾在塔里木盆地于阗王国与图木舒克使用的塞族方言，属东伊朗语。[4]在其下又分成两种方言，在于阗使用的，称为于阗语（Khotanese），于阗塞语和和阗语等，在图木舒克使用的，称图木舒克语（Tumshuqese）。
其文献存于敦煌文书中，以婆罗米字母书写。H.W.贝利（H.W.Bailey）整理了其文献，并出版了《于阗塞语词典》（Dictionary of Khotan Saka,Cambridge University Press,1979）一书。
历史
这两种方言，都源自斯基泰人。
注释
- ↑ Mallory, J.P. Bronze Age languages of the Tarim Basin (PDF). Expedition: 44–53. [16 March 2013].
- ↑ 塞语 at MultiTree on the Linguist List
- ↑ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin; Bank, Sebastian (编). Saka. Glottolog 2.7. Jena: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History. 2016.
- ↑ 荣新江：《华戎交汇：敦煌民族与中西交通》（兰州：甘肃教育出版社，2008），页164。
参考文献
- A Turkish-Khotanese Vocabulary H. W. Bailey Bulletin of the ..
- Bailey, H. W.. 1944. “A Turkish-khotanese Vocabulary”. Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London 11 (2). Cambridge University Press: 290–96. http://www.jstor.org/stable/609315.
- Litvinsky, Boris Abramovich; Vorobyova-Desyatovskaya, M.I. Religions and religious movements. History of civilizations of Central Asia. Motilal Banarsidass: 421–448. 1999. ISBN 8120815408.
延伸阅读
- Bailey, H W (1979) Dictionary of Khotan Saka, Cambridge University Press
- Encyclopædia Iranica "Iranian Languages" http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/central-asia-xiii
- Emmerick, R. E., & Pulleyblank, E. G. (1993). A Chinese text in Central Asian Brahmi script: new evidence for the pronunciation of Late Middle Chinese and Khotanese. Roma: Istituto italiano per il Medio ed Estremo Oriente. (On connections between Chinese and Khotanese, such as loan words and pronunciations)
- Litvinsky, Boris Abramovich; Vorobyova-Desyatovskaya, M.I. Religions and religious movements. History of civilizations of Central Asia. Motilal Banarsidass: 421–448. 1999. ISBN 8120815408.
