| 壮傣语支 | |
|---|---|
| 地理分布 | 华南（广西、贵州、云南及广东）、东南亚 |
| 谱系学分类 | 壮侗语系
|
| 分支 |
其余南方壮语与傣泰语言等
|
| 语言代码 | |
| ISO 639-2 / 5 | tai |
| – | |
壮傣语支（又称傣语支、台语支、壮傣语支、泰语支、壮台语支）是壮侗语系侗台语族中的一个语支，即汉藏语系传统分类中壮侗语族壮傣语支的语言。包括壮语、布依语、傣语（在中国境内）、泰语、老挝语、掸语、岱依语、侬语、坎底语、阿豪姆语（均不在中国境内）等。说台语的民族统称台语民族。
谱系
以下分类是泰国人张高峰（泰语：พิทยาวัฒน์ พิทยาภรณ์，转写：Bidayaːwȃḍhan̶a̶ Bidayaːbharaṇ̶a̶，派汶拼音：Pít-tá-yaa-wát Pít-tá-yaa-pɔɔn）在其2009年博士论文中基于比较语言学共同创新给出的分类，排除考虑区域特征影响，不代表各个口语的实际相似度。张高峰将李方桂的壮傣语中支以及邕南壮语和左江壮语区分开来，并通过计算认为其为多系群，但并不是说中部台语支或壮语南部方言、邕南壮语和左江壮语等概念没有语言学意义。[来源请求]邕北壮语、壮语北部方言或壮傣语北支在除去过度方言武鸣壮语（即标准壮语）后仍为单系群。[1]
| 壮傣语 （张高峰 田野调查） |
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艾杰瑞（英语：Jerold Alan Edmondson）2013年的谱系中则给出了更贴近方言学的比较语言学结果，宁明左江壮语被重新归入中支中的壮语南部方言主体。
| 壮傣语 |
| |||||||||||||||||||||
原始台语和语音演变
方言分类
自李方桂先生起的研究完善了壮傣语支的传统分类模式，很多早期的分类在一定程度上受方言学影响，不一定严格符合当代比较语言学识别出的共同创新，但能较好地反应方言间的差异程度。以下是临高－壮傣语群的的完整列表，另请参见壮语条目和傣语条目来获得更细致的方言学分类。
- 临高语（Ong Be）(onb)（中国）
- 北部台语支
- 石语（Saek）(skb)（老挝、泰国）
- 傣幼语（Yoy）(yoy) (泰国、老挝)
- 傣曼语(Tai Mene/Tai Yo)(tmp)（老挝、泰国、越南、柬埔寨）
- 傣包语（Tai Hang Tong/Tai Pao）(thc)(tpo)（越南、老挝）
- 布依语 （Bou Yai/布耶）(pcc) (中国、越南)
- 桂北壮语（Bou Yai/布耶）(zgb)（中国）
- 桂边壮语（Bou Yai/布耶）(zgn)（中国）
- 邱北壮语（Bou Yai/布耶）(zqe)（中国）
- 右江壮语（Bou Cueng/布壮）(zyj)（中国）
- 邕北壮语（Bou Cueng/布壮）(zyb)（中国）
- 中红水河壮语（Bou Cueng/布壮）(zch)（中国）
- 东红水河壮语（Bou Cueng/布壮）(zeh)（中国）
- 柳江壮语（Bou Cueng/布壮）(zlj)（中国）
- 柳黔壮语（Bou Cueng/布壮）(zlq)（中国）
- 连山壮语（Bou Cueng/布壮）(zln)（中国）
- 西南部台语支
死语。
举例
| 词汇 | 泰语 | 老挝语 | 兰纳语 | 伊善语 | 掸语 | 傣仂语 | 壮语 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 风 | /lom/ | /lóm/ | /lom/ | /lom/ | /lom4/ | /lom/ | /lɔm2/ |
| 城 | /mɯaŋ/ | /mɯaŋ/ | /mɯaŋ/ | /mɯaŋ/ | /mɤŋ4/ | /mœŋ/ | /mɯ:ŋ2/ |
| 陆 | /din/ | /din/ | /din/ | /din/ | /lǐn1/ | /din/ | /ʔdin1-2/ |
| 火 | /fai/ | /fái/ | /fai/ | /fai/ | /pʰaj4/ or /fai4/ | /fai/ | /fɐj2/ |
| 心脏 | /hŭa tɕai/ | /hǔa cài/ | /hua tɕai/ | /hua tɕai/ | /ho1 tsaɯ1/ | /hua tɕai/ | /tsɐɯ1/ |
| 爱 | /rák/ | /hāk/ | /hag/ | /hag/ | /hak5/ | /hag/ | /ʔdi:p6/ |
| 水 | /náːm/ | /nȃm/ | /nam/ | /nam/ | /nam5/ | /nam/ | /nɐm4/ |
参考文献
- ↑ Pittayaporn, Pittayawat. 2009. The Phonology of Proto-Tai. PhD dissertation. Department of Linguistics, Cornell University.
- Ostapirat W (2000). "Proto-Kra." In Linguistics of the Tibeto-Burman Area 23(1).
延伸阅读
- Brown, J. Marvin. From Ancient Thai to Modern Dialects. Bangkok: Social Science Association Press of Thailand, 1965.
- Chamberlain, James R. A New Look at the Classification of the Tai Languages. [s.l: s.n, 1972.
- Conference on Tai Phonetics and Phonology, Jimmy G. Harris, and Richard B. Noss. Tai Phonetics and Phonology. [Bangkok: Central Institute of English Language, Office of State Universities, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, 1972.
- Diffloth, Gérard. An Appraisal of Benedict's Views on Austroasiatic and Austro-Thai Relations. Kyoto: Center for Southeast Asian Studies, Kyoto University, 1976.
- Đoàn, Thiện Thuật. Tay-Nung Language in the North Vietnam. [Tokyo?]: Instttute [sic] for the Study of Languages and Cultures of Asia and Africa, Tokyo University of Foreign Studies, 1996.
- Gedney, William J. On the Thai Evidence for Austro-Thai. [S.l: s.n, 1976.
- Gedney, William J., and Robert J. Bickner. Selected Papers on Comparative Tai Studies. Michigan papers on South and Southeast Asia, no. 29. Ann Arbor, Mich., USA: Center for South and Southeast Asian Studies, University of Michigan, 1989. ISBN 0-89148-037-4
- Gedney, William J., Carol J. Compton, and John F. Hartmann. Papers on Tai Languages, Linguistics, and Literatures: In Honor of William J. Gedney on His 77th Birthday. Monograph series on Southeast Asia. [De Kalb]: Northern Illinois University, Center for Southeast Asian Studies, 1992. ISBN 1-877979-16-3
- Gedney, William J., and Thomas J. Hudak. (1995). William J. Gedney's central Tai dialects: glossaries, texts, and translations. Michigan papers on South and Southeast Asia, no. 43. Ann Arbor, Mich: Center for South and Southeast Asian Studies, University of Michigan ISBN 0-89148-075-7
- Gedney, William J., and Thomas J. Hudak. William J. Gedney's the Yay Language: Glossary, Texts, and Translations. Michigan papers on South and Southeast Asia, no. 38. Ann Arbor, Mich: Center for South and Southeast Asian Studies, University of Michigan, 1991. ISBN 0-89148-066-8
- Gedney, William J., and Thomas J. Hudak. William J. Gedney's Southwestern Tai Dialects: Glossaries, Texts and Translations. Michigan papers on South and Southeast Asia, no. 42. [Ann Arbor, Mich.]: Center for South and Southeast Asian Studies, University of Michigan, 1994. ISBN 0-89148-074-9
- Hudak, Thomas John. William J. Gedney's The Tai Dialect of Lungming: Glossary, Texts, and Translations. Michigan papers on South and Southeast Asia, no. 39. [Ann Arbor]: Center for South and Southeast Asian Studies, University of Michigan, 1991. ISBN 0-89148-067-6
- Li, Fang-kuei. 1977. Handbook of Comparative Tai. Honolulu, Hawaii: University of Hawai’i Press.
- Li, Fang-kuei. The Tai Dialect of Lungchow; Texts, Translations, and Glossary. Shanghai: Commercial Press, 1940.
- Østmoe, Arne. A Germanic-Tai Linguistic Puzzle. Sino-Platonic papers, no. 64. Philadelphia, PA, USA: Dept. of Asian and Middle Eastern Studies, University of Pennsylvania, 1995.
- Sathāban Sūn Phāsā Qangkrit. Bibliography of Tai Language Studies. [Bangkok]: Indigenous Languages of Thailand Research Project, Central Institute of English Language, Office of State Universities, 1977.
- Shorto, H. L. Bibliographies of Mon–Khmer and Tai Linguistics. London oriental bibliographies, v. 2. London: Oxford University Press, 1963.
- Tingsabadh, Kalaya and Arthur S. Abramson. Essays in Tai Linguistics. Bangkok: Chulalongkorn University Press, 2001. ISBN 974-347-222-3
外部链接
- SEAlang Library
- Comparative Tai–Kadai Swadesh vocabulary lists (from Wiktionary's Swadesh-list appendix)
- ABVD: Proto-Tai word list
- ABVD: Proto-Southwestern Tai word list