無我

無我（梵語：अनात्मन्，Anātman，巴利語：anattā），佛教術語，指對於我的否定，為佛教根本思想之一。這個名詞有二方面的意思，一方面，它可以解釋為，沒有我，我不存在，大乘佛教又稱我空；另一方面，則可解釋為，這不是我，也稱為非我（Nirātman）。這兩種含義間的爭論，成為佛教各宗派間的重要課題。 ^[1]^[2]

否定世界上有物質性的實在自體（即所謂「我」）的存在，有兩類：

人無我，是說人身不外是色（形質）、受（感覺）、想（觀念）、行（行動）、識（意識）五類，即五蘊結合而成，沒有常恆自在的主體。
法無我，大乘佛教還認為色、受等五蘊之法，亦是由種種因緣和合而生，不斷變遷，也無常恆堅實的自體。

無我可以簡稱我既不存在，可我也在。以字面分析——無乃是一切都是空，既沒有的意思以字面分析——我乃是自身也代表自己綜合性分析——無我，也許有，也許沒有，為何有無我，為何出現無我，為何沒有無我，為何出現無我。

參考文獻

↑ Anatta Buddhism , Encyclopædia Britannica (2013)
↑ [a] Christmas Humphreys. Exploring Buddhism. Routledge. 2012: 42–43. ISBN 978-1-136-22877-3.
[b] Brian Morris. Religion and Anthropology: A Critical Introduction. Cambridge University Press. 2006: 51. ISBN 978-0-521-85241-8. , Quote: "...anatta is the doctrine of non-self, and is an extreme empiricist doctrine that holds that the notion of an unchanging permanent self is a fiction and has no reality. According to Buddhist doctrine, the individual person consists of five skandhas or heaps—the body, feelings, perceptions, impulses and consciousness. The belief in a self or soul, over these five skandhas, is illusory and the cause of suffering."
[c] Richard Gombrich. Theravada Buddhism. Routledge. 2006: 47. ISBN 978-1-134-90352-8. , Quote: "...Buddha's teaching that beings have no soul, no abiding essence. This 'no-soul doctrine' (anatta-vada) he expounded in his second sermon."

外部連結

Nirvana Sutra , Kosho Yamamoto's English translation of the Mahāyāna Mahāparinirvāṇa Sūtra

[britannicaanatta-1] Anatta Buddhism , Encyclopædia Britannica (2013)

[2] [a] Christmas Humphreys. Exploring Buddhism. Routledge. 2012: 42–43. ISBN 978-1-136-22877-3.
[b] Brian Morris. Religion and Anthropology: A Critical Introduction. Cambridge University Press. 2006: 51. ISBN 978-0-521-85241-8. , Quote: "...anatta is the doctrine of non-self, and is an extreme empiricist doctrine that holds that the notion of an unchanging permanent self is a fiction and has no reality. According to Buddhist doctrine, the individual person consists of five skandhas or heaps—the body, feelings, perceptions, impulses and consciousness. The belief in a self or soul, over these five skandhas, is illusory and the cause of suffering."
[c] Richard Gombrich. Theravada Buddhism. Routledge. 2006: 47. ISBN 978-1-134-90352-8. , Quote: "...Buddha's teaching that beings have no soul, no abiding essence. This 'no-soul doctrine' (anatta-vada) he expounded in his second sermon."

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