美索不达米亚战役 | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
第一次世界大战中东战场的一部分 | |||||||||
库特围城战时的鄂图曼第六军团 | |||||||||
| |||||||||
参战方 | |||||||||
科威特 (1914年)[1] |
奥斯曼帝国 德意志帝国 | ||||||||
指挥官与领导者 | |||||||||
约翰·尼克森 佩西·莱克 弗雷德里克·毛德 查理·唐贤德(被俘) 穆巴拉克·爱尔-沙巴 |
苏莱曼·阿斯克里 卡济姆·喀拉贝基尔 阿里·伊珊·萨毕斯 | ||||||||
兵力 | |||||||||
350,000人[2]–410,000人以上[3] | 100,000人以上 | ||||||||
伤亡与损失 | |||||||||
92,000人 | 100,000人以上 |
美索不达米亚战役(Mesopotamian campaign)是指第一次世界大战期间爆发在美索不达米亚地区大英帝国及其盟友和鄂图曼土耳其帝国之间的战争。这场战争主要在现在的伊拉克地区进行。1918年10月30日,鄂图曼土耳其帝国对英国投降,美索不达米亚战役以英国的胜利而结束。
参考资料
- F.J.Moberley The Campaign in Mesopotamia(4 vols, 1923–27, HMSO, official history)
- A. J. Barker (1967) The Neglected War. Faber and Faber.
- A. J. Barker (2009) The First Iraq War, 1914–1918: Britain's Mesopotamian Campaign. New York: Enigma Books. ISBN 978-1-929631-86-5. (published in 1967 in Britain as The Neglected War)
- Mesopotamia Campaign – from The Long, Long Trail website, downloaded November, 2014.
- [1] – Mesopotamia Campaign, from The Commonwealth War Graves Commission newsletter, downloaded June, 2011.
- Slot, B.J. Mubarak Al-Sabah: Founder of Modern Kuwait 1896–1915. London: Arabian Publishing. 2005. ISBN 9780954479244.
- Strachan, Hew (2003). The First World War, pp 123–125. Viking (Published by the Penguin Group)
- Fromkin, David (1989). A Peace to End All Peace. Avon Books.
- U.S. Military Academy map of the 1915 Campaign
- U.S. Military Academy map of the Siege of Kut
- Esposito, Vincent (ed.) (1959). The West Point Atlas of American Wars – Vol. 2; map 53. Frederick Praeger Press.
- Briton Cooper Busch (1971) Britain, India, and the Arabs 1914–1921. University of California Press.
- Wilcox, Ron (2006) Battles on the Tigris. Pen and Sword Military
- Woodward, David R . "Field Marshal Sir William Robertson", Westport Connecticut & London: Praeger, 1998, ISBN 0-275-95422-6
- Cato, Conrad. The Navy in Mesopotamia, 1914–1917. London: Constable & Co., 1917.
- E.O.Mousley The Secrets of a Kuttite: An Authentic Story of Kut, Adventures in Captivity and Stamboul Intrigue (1922; John Lane, The Bodley Head, London & New York)