| 葉尼塞語系 | |
|---|---|
| 地理分佈 | 西伯利亞中葉尼塞河 |
| 譜系學分類 | 世界語系之一
|
| 分支 |
北 (凱特-尤格語族)
南 (阿林-科特語族)
|
| – | |
 | |
葉尼塞語系（Yeniseic 或 Yenisei-Ostyak）是分布在西伯利亞中部葉尼塞河流域的一個語系。
介紹
包括10種語言：
- 凱特語（Ket）(ket)
- 尤格語（Yugh）† (yuu)
- 科特語（Kott）† (zko)
- 阿林語（Arin） † (xrn)
- 阿桑語（Assan） † (xss)
- 旁普科爾語（Pumpokol） † (xpm)
- 雅斯京語（Yastin）†
- 雅林語（Yarin）†
- 拜科特語（Baikot）†
其中的尤格語、旁普科爾語、阿林語和阿桑語早在18世紀消亡，科特語在19世紀末消亡，雅斯京語、雅林語、拜科特語則更早消亡。但是芬蘭語言學家Castrén發表了詳細的語法和詞典。尤格語在1960年代絕種，俄國學者Werner對這種語言進行了深入的研究，發表了詞典、語法和傳統故事。如今只有凱特語還在使用中，約有1000個左右的老人懂這種語言。
葉尼塞語言的形態變化特別複雜，有前綴、後綴、中綴、元音交替等構詞手段。
爭議
一些學者認為，中國古代的匈奴、羯等民族和使用葉尼塞語系語言的民族有同源關係。除此之外，Edward Vajda認為葉尼塞語系和漢藏語系同源，為德內-高加索語系一支。另外亦有建議葉尼塞語系可與納-德內語系合併成為德內-葉尼塞語系或提納-高加索語系。
相關條目
參考文獻
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