顿涅茨克-克里沃罗格苏维埃共和国

顿涅茨克 - 克里沃罗格苏维埃共和国
顿涅茨克 - 克里沃罗格苏维埃共和国; Донецко-Криворожская; советская республика;
	1918年－1918年
	国旗国徽
	顿涅茨克 - 克里沃罗格共和国的地图的领土声称。
地位	隶属于俄罗斯苏维埃联邦社会主义共和国
首都	哈尔科夫(1918年); 卢甘斯克
常用语言	俄罗斯语
政府	苏联自治共和国
主席苏维埃议会
立法机构	最高苏维埃
历史时期	第一次世界大战
• 建立	1918年2月12日
• 布列斯特条约	1918年3月3日
• 纳入乌克兰苏维埃社会主义共和国	1918年3月20日
货币	卢布
前身	继承
	俄罗斯苏维埃联邦社会主义共和国
	乌克兰人民共和国
乌克兰苏维埃社会主义共和国
今属于	“顿涅茨克人民共和国”; “卢甘斯克人民共和国”; ; 俄罗斯; 乌克兰;

顿涅茨克-克里沃罗格苏维埃共和国（俄语：Донецко-Криворожская советская республика，简称顿涅茨克，是布尔什维克于1918年2月12日在乌克兰东部地区建立的一个共产主义国家。此国家未获得包括苏俄在内的任何国家承认。首都初期设在哈尔科夫，后迁至卢甘斯克。今大致属于乌克兰的顿涅茨克州和卢甘斯克州。顿涅茨克-克里沃罗格苏维埃共和国声称邻国乌克兰人民共和国以南的领土，包括顿涅茨克盆地、哈尔科夫省、叶卡捷琳诺斯拉夫省、赫尔松省的一部分。起初，共和国的首都是哈尔科夫市，但后来随着赤卫队的撤退，它被迁到了卢甘斯克。俄罗斯苏维埃共和国政府支持它的建立，因为国家的存在导致了该地区的无政府状态。^{[需要解释]} 新成立的苏维埃政府挑战了乌克兰总秘书处和人民秘书处的权威。一些委员在乌克兰另一个布尔什维克政府——人民秘书处担任秘书职务。

共和国在1918年3月20日苏联乌克兰独立宣布时在第二届全乌克兰苏维埃代表大会上解散。它未能获得国际或俄罗斯苏维埃联邦社会主义共和国的承认，并根据3月布列斯特-立陶夫斯克条约被废除。

2014年，在此地区成立了顿涅茨克人民共和国和卢甘斯克人民共和国。顿涅茨克-克里沃罗格苏维埃共和国的遗产在2014年开始的顿巴斯战争中得以恢复。2015年2月5日，未被承认的分离主义政权顿涅茨克人民共和国的立法机关通过了一项备忘录宣布顿涅茨克人民共和国是顿涅茨克-克里沃罗格苏维埃共和国的合法继承者，阿尔托姆是其开国元勋。^[8]

注解

↑ A black-blue-red tricolour has widely been attributed to the Donetsk–Krivoy Rog Republic, and is used in 2014-2015 by organizations such as the self-proclaimed Donetsk People's Republic. There is no historical record of this flag having been used in 1918, however, and the tricolour is believed to have originated with the International Movement for Donbass in the 1980s.^[1]^[2]^[3]
↑ A black-blue-red tricolour has widely been attributed to the Donetsk–Krivoy Rog Republic, and is used by organisations such as the self-proclaimed Donetsk People's Republic. There is no historical record of this flag having been used in 1918, however, and the tricolour is believed to have originated with the International Movement for Donbas in the 1980s.^[4]^[5]^[6]

参考资料

↑ Maxim Edwards. Symbolism of the Donetsk People’s Republic. openDemocracy. 2014-06-09 [2015-02-09]. But Vladimir Kornilov, the world’s leading – and only – specialist on the short-lived state (and author of The Assassinated Dream, a book on its history), does not agree. ... The myths that grew around the Republic, [Kornilov] added, led to distorted views of its history, and ‘pictures of some flag which was never actually used.’ In fact, the flag used by the Donetsk People’s Republic is, with alterations, that of the International Movement for Donbas or the Interdvizheniye Donbasa, an organisation whose roots started only in August 1989, in a lecture theatre of Donetsk University.
↑ Galina Novikova. "Донецкая республика" существовала еще при Ющенко. Komsomolskaya Pravda. 2014-04-24 [2015-02-10].
↑ Alexei Volynets. Донецкая республика: мифы и реальность. Russkaya Planeta. 2014-04-15 [2015-02-10].
↑ Edwards, Maxim. Symbolism of the Donetsk People's Republic. openDemocracy. 2014-06-09 [2017-06-03]. But Vladimir Kornilov, the world's leading – and only – specialist on the short-lived state (and author of The Assassinated Dream, a book on its history), does not agree. The myths that grew around the Republic, [Kornilov] added, led to distorted views of its history, and 'pictures of some flag which was never actually used.' In fact, the flag used by the Donetsk People's Republic is, with alterations, that of the International Movement for Donbas or the Interdvizheniye Donbasa, an organisation whose roots started only in August 1989, in a lecture theatre of Donetsk University.
↑ Novikova, Galina. 'Донецкая республика' существовала еще при Ющенко ['Donetsk Republic' existed even prior Yushchenko]. Komsomolskaya Pravda. 2014-04-24 [2017-06-03] （俄语）.
↑ Volynets, Aleksei. Донецкая республика: мифы и реальность [Donetsk Republic: myths and reality]. Rusplt.ru. 2014-04-15 [2017-06-03] （俄语）.
↑ Валерий СОЛДАТЕНКО. Донецко-Криворожская республика — иллюзии и практика национального нигилизма [Donetsk-Krivoy Rog Republic - illusions and the practice of national nihilism] (№ 49 (524) 4-10 December 2004). Mirror of the Week （俄语）.
↑ The DPR became a legal successor of the Donetsk-Krivoy-Rog Republic. novorossia.today. 2015-02-05 [2017-06-03].

[4] A black-blue-red tricolour has widely been attributed to the Donetsk–Krivoy Rog Republic, and is used in 2014-2015 by organizations such as the self-proclaimed Donetsk People's Republic. There is no historical record of this flag having been used in 1918, however, and the tricolour is believed to have originated with the International Movement for Donbass in the 1980s.^[1]^[2]^[3]

[8] A black-blue-red tricolour has widely been attributed to the Donetsk–Krivoy Rog Republic, and is used by organisations such as the self-proclaimed Donetsk People's Republic. There is no historical record of this flag having been used in 1918, however, and the tricolour is believed to have originated with the International Movement for Donbas in the 1980s.^[4]^[5]^[6]

[1] Maxim Edwards. Symbolism of the Donetsk People’s Republic. openDemocracy. 2014-06-09 [2015-02-09]. But Vladimir Kornilov, the world’s leading – and only – specialist on the short-lived state (and author of The Assassinated Dream, a book on its history), does not agree. ... The myths that grew around the Republic, [Kornilov] added, led to distorted views of its history, and ‘pictures of some flag which was never actually used.’ In fact, the flag used by the Donetsk People’s Republic is, with alterations, that of the International Movement for Donbas or the Interdvizheniye Donbasa, an organisation whose roots started only in August 1989, in a lecture theatre of Donetsk University.

[2] Galina Novikova. "Донецкая республика" существовала еще при Ющенко. Komsomolskaya Pravda. 2014-04-24 [2015-02-10].

[3] Alexei Volynets. Донецкая республика: мифы и реальность. Russkaya Planeta. 2014-04-15 [2015-02-10].

[Kornilov-5] Edwards, Maxim. Symbolism of the Donetsk People's Republic. openDemocracy. 2014-06-09 [2017-06-03]. But Vladimir Kornilov, the world's leading – and only – specialist on the short-lived state (and author of The Assassinated Dream, a book on its history), does not agree. The myths that grew around the Republic, [Kornilov] added, led to distorted views of its history, and 'pictures of some flag which was never actually used.' In fact, the flag used by the Donetsk People's Republic is, with alterations, that of the International Movement for Donbas or the Interdvizheniye Donbasa, an organisation whose roots started only in August 1989, in a lecture theatre of Donetsk University.

[6] Novikova, Galina. 'Донецкая республика' существовала еще при Ющенко ['Donetsk Republic' existed even prior Yushchenko]. Komsomolskaya Pravda. 2014-04-24 [2017-06-03] （俄语）.

[7] Volynets, Aleksei. Донецкая республика: мифы и реальность [Donetsk Republic: myths and reality]. Rusplt.ru. 2014-04-15 [2017-06-03] （俄语）.

[9] Валерий СОЛДАТЕНКО. Донецко-Криворожская республика — иллюзии и практика национального нигилизма [Donetsk-Krivoy Rog Republic - illusions and the practice of national nihilism] (№ 49 (524) 4-10 December 2004). Mirror of the Week （俄语）.

[10] The DPR became a legal successor of the Donetsk-Krivoy-Rog Republic. novorossia.today. 2015-02-05 [2017-06-03].

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