拟髭蟾属 | |
---|---|
Leptobrachium hasseltii | |
生物分类法 | |
域: | 真核域 Eukaryota |
界: | 动物界 Animalia |
门: | 脊索动物门 Chordata |
亚门: | 脊椎动物亚门 Vertebrata |
纲: | 两栖纲 Amphibia |
目: | 无尾目 Anura |
科: | 角蟾科 Megophryidae |
属: | 拟髭蟾属 Leptobrachium Tschudi, 1838 |
模式种 | |
Leptobrachium hasseltii Tschudi, 1838 | |
物种 | |
约35种,详见内文 |
拟髭蟾属(学名:Leptobrachium)是无尾目角蟾科的一属动物,与髭蟾属关系密切。有文献认为两个属除了有地域区隔及形态上的差异以外,两者在分子生物学层面并无差异,因此建议把两个属贬为一个属的亚属,又或干脆合二为一。
分布
本属物种分布于华南、印度东北、东南亚、巽他陆棚上的岛屿,以及菲律宾[1]。它们的特点是有结实的身体和细长的后肢[2]。
形态特征
本属物种眼睛虹膜的颜色是分辨各物种的关键:例如波普拟髭蟾(Leptobrachium bompu)就有一双蓝眼睛;有些物种的虹色单一,但也有物种的虹蟆只有上半圈有颜色,而下半圈只有深色[3]。
分类
演化树
拟髭蟾属的姐妹群、跟拟髭蟾属位处同一演化支的包括有齿突蟾属及齿蟾属[1][5]。
亚属
- 同名亚属Leptobrachium,以及
- Vibrissaphora,即过往的髭蟾属,模式种是峨眉髭蟾(Vibrissaphora boringii)。
这两者的差异,就只是在形态上它们的雄性动物的上唇在繁殖季节有没有长出婚刺。 后来的遗传分析不支持过往这种基于形态的分离,但仍然表明存在两个不同的演化支,所以把两支演化支视为同属的亚属比较合适。从生物地理学来说,两者在地理上也有不同的分布:Vibrissaphora亚属分布于华南及中南半岛,而指名亚属分布于马来半岛及华莱士线西北方的马来群岛[3]。除此以外,两者并没有其他在形态学上可分辨的特征[6]。
物种
截至2019年[update],Frost的文献认为本属现时有36个获确认的物种[1],以及一个有待确认的物种:
- Leptobrachium abbotti (Cochran, 1926)
- 哀牢髭蟾(Leptobrachium ailaonicum (Yang, Chen, and Ma, 1983)
- Leptobrachium banae Lathrop, Murphy, Orlov & Ho, 1998
- 波普拟髭蟾(Leptobrachium bompu Sondhi & Orlov, 2011[7])
- 峨眉髭蟾(Leptobrachium boringii (Liu, 1945))
- Leptobrachium buchardi Ohler, Teynié & David, 2004[8]
- 沙巴拟髭蟾(Leptobrachium chapaense (Bourret, 1937))
- 广西拟髭蟾(Leptobrachium guangxiense Fei, Mo, Ye & Jiang, 2009)
- Leptobrachium gunungense Malkmus, 1996
- 海南拟髭蟾(Leptobrachium hainanense Ye & Fei In Ye, Fei & Hu, 1993)
- Leptobrachium hasseltii Tschudi, 1838
- Leptobrachium hendricksoni Taylor, 1962
- 华深拟髭蟾(Leptobrachium huashen Fei and Ye, 2005)
- Leptobrachium ingeri Hamidy, Matsui, Nishikawa, and Belabut, 2012
- Leptobrachium kanowitense Hamidy, Matsui, Nishikawa, and Belabut, 2012
- Leptobrachium kantonishikawai Hamidy and Matsui, 2014
- 雷山髭蟾(Leptobrachium leishanense (Liu and Hu, 1973))
- Leptobrachium leucops Stuart, Rowley, Tran, Le & Hoang, 2011[9]
- 崇安髭蟾(Leptobrachium liui (Pope, 1947))
- Leptobrachium lumadorum Brown, Siler, Diesmos & Alcala, 2010
- Leptobrachium mangyanorum Brown, Siler, Diesmos & Alcala, 2010
- Leptobrachium masatakasatoi Matsui, 2013[6]
- Leptobrachium montanum Fischer, 1885
- Leptobrachium mouhoti Stuart, Sok & Neang, 2006
- Leptobrachium ngoclinhense Orlov, 2005
- Leptobrachium nigrops Berry & Hendrickson, 1963
- 原髭蟾(Leptobrachium promustache (Rao, Wilkinson, and Zhang, 2006))
- Leptobrachium pullum (Smith, 1921)
- Leptobrachium rakhinensis Wogan, 2012
- Leptobrachium smithi Matsui, Nabhitabhata & Panha, 1999
- Leptobrachium sylheticum Al-Razi, Maria, and Poyarkov, 2021[10]
- Leptobrachium tagbanorum Brown, Siler, Diesmos & Alcala, 2010
- Leptobrachium tenasserimense Pawangkhanant, Poyarkov, Duong, Naiduangchan, and Suwannapoom, 2018
- 腾冲拟髭蟾(Leptobrachium tengchongense Yang, Wang, & Chan, 2016)
- Leptobrachium waysepuntiense Hamidy & Matsui, 2010[11]
- Leptobrachium xanthops Stuart, Phimmachak, Seateun & Sivongxay, 2012[12]
- Leptobrachium xanthospilum Lathrop, Murphy, Orlov & Ho, 1998
参考文献
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Frost, Darrel R. Leptobrachium Tschudi, 1838. Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0. American Museum of Natural History. 2017 [2017-06-25] (英语).
- ↑ Matsui, Masafumi; Jarujin Nabhitabhata; Somsak Panha. On Leptobrachium from Thailand with a description of a new species (Anura: Pelobatidae). Japanese Journal of Herpetology. 1999, 18 (1): 19–29. doi:10.5358/hsj1972.18.1_19 .
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Matsui, M.; Hamidy, A.; Murphy, R. W.; Khonsue, W.; Yambun, P.; Shimada, T.; Ahmad, N.; Belabut, D. M.; Jiang, J. P. Phylogenetic relationships of megophryid frogs of the genus Leptobrachium (Amphibia, Anura) as revealed by mtDNA gene sequences. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 2010, 56 (1): 259–272. PMID 20302957. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2010.03.014.
- ↑ Hudson, C. M.; Fu, J. Male-biased sexual size dimorphism, resource defense polygyny, and multiple paternity in the Emei moustache toad (Leptobrachium boringii). PLOS ONE. 2013, 8 (6): e67502. Bibcode:2013PLoSO...867502H. PMC 3696078 . PMID 23840725. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0067502 .
- ↑ Pyron, A. R.; Wiens, J. J. A large-scale phylogeny of Amphibia including over 2800 species, and a revised classification of extant frogs, salamanders, and caecilians. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 2011, 61 (2): 543–583. PMID 21723399. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2011.06.012.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 Matsui, M. A new Leptobrachium (Vibrissaphora) from Laos (Anura: Megophryidae). Current Herpetology. 2013, 32 (2): 182–189. S2CID 85577993. doi:10.5358/hsj.32.182. hdl:2433/216851 .
- ↑ Sondhi, S.; Orlov, A. A blue-eyed Leptobrachium (Anura: Megophryidae) from Arunachal Pradesh, India (PDF). Zootaxa. 2011, 2912: 28–36 [2021-10-24]. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.2912.1.2.
- ↑ Ohler, A.; Teynié, A. & David, P. A green-eyed Leptobrachium (Anura: Megophryidae) from southern Laos (PDF). Raffles Bulletin of Zoology. 204, 52 (2): 695–700. 已忽略未知参数
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(帮助) - ↑ Stuart, B. L.; Rowley, J. J.; Tran, Dao T. A.; Le, Duong T. T. & Hoang, H. D. The Leptobrachium (Anura: Megophryidae) of the Langbian Plateau, southern Vietnam, with description of a new species (PDF). Zootaxa. 2011, 2804: 25–40 [2021-10-24]. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.2804.1.3 . 已忽略未知参数
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(帮助) - ↑ Leptobrachium sylheticum Al-Razi, Maria, and Poyarkov, 2021 | Amphibian Species of the World. [2021-10-24].
- ↑ Hamidy, A.; Matsui, M. A new species of blue-eyed Leptobrachium (Anura: Megophryidae) from Sumatra, Indonesia (PDF). Zootaxa. 2010, 2395: 34–44 [2021-10-24]. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.2395.1.3 (英语).
- ↑ Stuart, B. L.; Phimmachak, S.; Seateun, S.; Sivongxay, N. A new Leptobrachium (Anura: Megophryidae) from the highlands of southeastern Laos (PDF). Zootaxa. 2012, 2155: 29–37 [2021-10-24].