四氮化四硒

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四氮化四硒
识别
CAS号 10102-12-2  ✓
性质
化学式 Se4N4
摩尔质量 371.87 g·mol⁻¹
外观 亮橙色固体[1]
密度 4.2 [2]
溶解性 难溶于常见溶剂[2]
高压（~50 atm）下可溶于液氨[3]
pKa 1.70±0.20[4]
若非注明，所有数据均出自一般条件（25 ℃，100 kPa）下。

四氮化四硒是一种无机化合物，化学式为Se4N4，受热或受力易爆。[1]

制备

四溴化硒在苯中和氨反应，可以得到四氮化四硒。[5]二氧化硒和Me3SiN=PMe3（Me为甲基）在4 °C时于乙腈中反应，可以结晶出β-Se4N4。[6]

性质

四氮化四硒不稳定，遇到震动极易爆炸：[7]

Se4N4 → 4 Se + 2 N2↑

四氮化四硒和干燥的溴化氢反应，得到Se4N3Br。[5]它和五氯化钼在沸腾的二氯甲烷中反应，可以得到[Cl4Mo=N=SeCl]2；[8]和六氯化钨在沸腾的二氯甲烷中反应，得到[WCl4(NSeCl)]2。[9]

它和一些金属盐反应，也能产生含Se2N2单元的化合物，如(AlBr3)2(Se2N2)[10]、[Bu4N]2[Pd2Br6(Se2N2)][11]等。

参考文献

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Jari Siivari, Tristram Chivers, Risto S. Laitinen. A simple, efficient synthesis of tetraselenium tetranitride. Inorganic Chemistry. 1993-04, 32 (8): 1519–1520 [2020-04-20]. ISSN 0020-1669. doi:10.1021/ic00060a031 （英语）. 
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Jander, J.; Doetsch, V. Selenium nitride. Angewandte Chemie, 1958. 70. 704. ISSN: 0044-8249.
  3. ↑ Paul F. Kelly, J. Derek Woollins. The reactivity of Se4N4 in liquid ammonia. Polyhedron. 1993-05, 12 (10): 1129–1133 [2020-04-20]. doi:10.1016/S0277-5387(00)88201-7 （英语）. 
  4. ↑ Calculated using Advanced Chemistry Development (ACD/Labs) Software V11.02 (© 1994-2020 ACD/Labs). Retrieved from Scifinder. [2020-04-20]
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Govind Kumar Gupta, S. P. S. Jadon. U.V., E.P.R. and X.R.D. Spectral Analysis of Bromo Mn(II) Tetra Seleniazide Complex. Oriental Journal of Chemistry. 2014-07-01, 30 (2): 567–570 [2020-04-20]. doi:10.13005/ojc/300221. 
  6. ↑ H. Folkerts, B. Neumueller, K. Dehnicke. ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Crystal Structure of a New Modification of Tetraselenium Tetranitride, Se4N4.. ChemInform. 2010-08-18, 25 (40): no–no [2020-04-20]. doi:10.1002/chin.199440010 （英语）. 
  7. ↑ Clegg, William; Dale, Sophie H.; Drennan, Dennis; Kelly, Paul F. The use of the bromosulfimide Ph2S=NBr as nitrogen source in reactions with selenium-based systems. Dalton Transactions. 2005, (19): 3140. ISSN 1477-9226. doi:10.1039/b509382a. 
  8. ↑ Adel, Joerg; Dehnicke, Kurt. Synthesis of the chloroselenonitrene molybdenum complex [Cl4Mo=N=SeCl]​2. Chimia, 1988. 42. 12. 413-414. ISSN: 0009-4293
  9. ↑ Adel, Joerg; El Kholi, Aida; Willing, Wolfgang; Mueller, Ulrich; Dehnicke, Kurt. Se4N4 as a preparative reagent: the synthesis of chloroselenonitrene complexes of tungsten. Chimia, 1988. 42. 2. 70-71. ISSN: 0009-4293.
  10. ↑ Kelly, P.F. and Slawin, A.M.Z., Preparation and crystal structure of [(AlBr3)2(Se2N2)], the first example of a main-group element adduct of diselenium dinitride, Journal of the Chemical Society, Dalton Transactions, 1996, pp 4029-4030
  11. ↑ Stephen M. Aucott, Dennis Drennan, Sarah L. M. James, Paul F. Kelly, Alexandra M. Z. Slawin. The reaction of [Bu4N]2[Pd2Br6(Se2N2)] with [14]aneS4; an effective source of the diselenium dinitride unit. Chemical Communications. 2007, (29): 3054 [2020-04-20]. ISSN 1359-7345. doi:10.1039/b707450f （英语）. 

拓展阅读

  • Kelly, P.F. and Woollins, J.D., The Reactivity of Se4N4 in Liquid Ammonia, Polyhedron, 1993, volume 12, pp 1129–1133.
  • Kelly, P.F., Slawin, A.M.Z. and Soriano-Rama, A., Use of Se4N4 and Se(NSO)2 in the preparation of palladium adducts of diselenium dinitride, Se2N2; crystal structure of [PPh4]2[Pd2Br6(Se2N2), Journal of the Chemical Society, Dalton Transactions, 1997, pp 559–562

NH3
N2H4 		He
Li3N Be3N2 BN CxNy N2 NxOy NF3 Ne
Na3N Mg3N2 AlN Si3N4 PN
P3N5 		SxNy
SN
S4N4 		NCl3 Ar
K3N Ca3N2 ScN TiN VN CrN
Cr2N 		MnxNy FexNy CoN Ni3N Cu Zn3N2 GaN Ge3N4 As Se4N4 NBr3 Kr
Rb Sr3N2 YN ZrN
Zr3N4 		NbN Mo2N Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag3N CdN InN Sn Sb Te NI3 Xe
Cs Ba3N2   Hf3N4 TaN WN Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Tl Pb BiN Po At Rn
Fr Ra3N2   Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt Ds Rg Cn Nh Fl Mc Lv Ts Og
↓
La CeN PrN Nd Pm Sm Eu GdN Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb LuN
Ac Th Pa UN Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No Lr
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