查德·A·米爾金 Chad A. Mirkin | |
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查德·米爾金獲得美國化學家學會金質獎章(AIC Gold Medal), 2016 | |
出生 | 美國亞利桑那州鳳凰城 | 1963年11月23日
母校 | 狄金森學院 賓夕法尼亞州立大學 |
獎項 | Lemelson-MIT Prize, 2009; Linus Pauling Award, 2013; Raymond and Beverly Sackler Prize in Convergence Research, 2015; Dan David Prize, 2016; Wilhelm Exner Medal, 2017; William H. Nichols Medal Award, 2017; Kabiller Prize, 2019; Perkin Medal, 2019; AAAS Philip Hauge Abelson Prize 2020 |
科學生涯 | |
研究領域 | 化學, 材料科學, 和 奈米技術 |
機構 | 西北大學 |
著名學生 |
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外部影片連結 | |
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"奈米技術:不止著眼於微小之處", 查德·米爾金, 美國空軍科學研究辦公室(AFOSR) |
查德·亞歷山大·米爾金(英語:Chad Alexander Mirkin),美國化學家,西北大學喬治·拉斯曼(英語:George B. Rathmann)化學講席教授,同時也是該校醫學、材料科學與工程、生物醫學工程,以及化學與生物工程教授。米爾金是該校國際奈米技術研究所和奈米製造與自組裝中心的主任。
米爾金的知名科研成果包括:開發了基於奈米顆粒的生物分子檢測手段,發明了蘸筆奈米印刷術(英語:Dip-pen nanolithography,DPN,該技術被《國家地理》雜誌評為「改變世界的100項科學發現」),以及在超分子化學、奈米電子學、奈米光學等領域的貢獻。他於2010年被評為過去二十年全球引用數量最高的化學家[1]、按影響因子第二高被引化學家[2]以及最高被引用的奈米醫學研究者[3]。他是第一個被選舉進入全部三個美國國家學院的化學家。他已經發表了超過780篇論文(Google學術搜索 H指數 = 173),擁有超過1200項專利和專利申請(截至2019年12月1日,超過360項授權,且超過80%進行了轉讓許可)。這些發明和發現創造了在全球範圍銷售的超過10條不同的產品線和超過2000種商品。
早年經歷和教育背景
米爾金於1963年11月23日出生在亞利桑那州鳳凰城[4]。他於1986年畢業於狄金森學院(理學學士),1989年取得賓夕法尼亞州立大學的博士學位[5][6]。作為美國國家科學基金會(NSF)博士後研究基金獲得者,米爾金在麻省理工學院和馬克·S·賴頓(英語:Mark S. Wrighton)教授研究了用於電催化的微電極設備[7]。他於1991年成為了西北大學教授[6]。
研究工作
米爾金的研究側重於開發在1–100奈米尺度控制分子和材料結構的技術方法,以及利用這些結構開發可用於化學與生物分子檢測、微奈米尺度印刷、催化、光學等領域的分析工具。他開創性地將DNA和奈米粒子結合用做材料結構單元和基於奈米粒子的生物診療工具。[5][6]
米爾金研究組的一大研究重點是球形核酸(英語:spherical nucleic acids,SNA),一種將核酸按照球形排列的結構(圍繞在奈米粒子周圍,也可以不需要中心的奈米粒子)。該研究組利用SNA的特殊性質來合成新型材料和膠體晶體以及開發高靈敏度的生化檢測試劑和細胞內基因調控工具。他於1996年發表的基於金奈米顆粒的球形核酸結構首次引入了將奈米粒子看作原子、將核酸看作化學鍵來構築材料的概念。該工作為以DNA-奈米粒子結構單元為核心的膠體晶體工程和分子診療手段提供了基礎。基於SNA技術的商業產品包括路明克斯公司的Verigene系統(FDA批准,已經在全世界超過半數的頂級醫院使用)、密理博公司的SmartFlare平台(在密理博被西格瑪奧德里奇收購後由AuraSense公司分發),和四種已進入臨床試驗階段的藥物。米爾金髮明的DPN、聚合物筆印刷術(英語:Polymer Pen Lithography,PPL)和光筆印刷術(英語:Beam Pen Lithography,BPL)是商業化的桌上微納製造工具TERA-fab M型和E型的技術基礎(TERA-print, LLC)。
米爾金是多本科學期刊的編委成員,包括ACS Nano、美國化學會志和應用化學。他是奈米技術領域期刊Small的創始人和美國化學會志的副主編之一。米爾金創建或共同創建了多家公司,其中包括NanoInk、Nanosphere(於2016年被路明克斯以8300萬美元的價格收購)[8]、AuraSense、Azul 3D、TERA-print和Exicure(納斯達克上市公司,NASDAQ:XCUR)。
美國化學學會旗下的化學文摘社在一篇文章中指出,米爾金在超分子化學和奈米材料領域的貢獻使他有希望獲得諾貝爾化學獎。文章指出,「總的來說,米爾金的工作建立了當代奈米技術並發展了其在診療、治療和材料中的應用」[9]。
科學政策
除了他的學術研究工作,米爾金曾經參與了多項科學政策的制定工作。在2009至2017年間,米爾金曾供職於美國貝拉克·歐巴馬總統的總統科技顧問委員會(英語:President's Council of Advisors on Science and Technology,PCAST)[10][11]。
米爾金共同主導了面向社會需求的奈米技術研究方向的全球研究(Nanotechnology Research Directions for Societal Needs in 2020: Retrospective and Outlook, Boston and Berlin: Springer 2010. Roco, M. C.; Mirkin, C. A.; Hersam, M. C., editors)並寫作了相關章節("Applications: Nanobiosystems, Medicine, and Health" 和 "Synthesis, Processing, and Manufacturing of Components, Devices, and Systems")。他曾共同主導了PCAST關於低年級本科學生的教學問題的報告《Engage to Excel》。米爾金亦是PCAST先進製造指導委員會的成員。該委員會起草的報告呼籲美國應保持其在先進科技領域的投資並成立全國製造創新學會聯盟(英語:National Network of Manufacturing Innovation Institutes)。
米爾金參與了亞太經合組織(APEC)2011年峰會(美國火奴魯魯)。參加者包括了時任美國總統貝拉克·歐巴馬、國務卿希拉蕊·柯林頓和來自財富美國500強公司的代表。在此次APEC峰會中,米爾金在專題討論會「改變遊戲規則的技術正在重新定義地區」中和時任智利總統塞瓦斯蒂安·皮涅拉進行了討論。
獲得獎項和榮譽
- 2020 – AAAS Philip Hauge Abelson Prize [12]
- 2019 – Kabiller Prize [13]
- 2019 – Perkin Medal [14]
- 2019 – Netherlands Award for Supramolecular Chemistry [15]
- 2018 – Theodore William Richards Medal [16]
- 2018 – Ira Remsen Award[17]
- 2018 – Chinese Friendship Award [18]
- 2018 – Harrison Howe Award[19]
- 2018 – Nano Research Award [20]
- 2017 – William H. Nichols Medal Award [21]
- 2016 – Dickson Prize [22]
- 2016 – Rusnano Prize[23]
- 2016 – Dan David Prize [24]
- 2016 – American Institute of Chemists Gold Medal[25]
- 2015 – American Institute for Medical and Biological Engineering Fellow [26]
- 2015 – Raymond and Beverly Sackler Prize in Convergence Research of the National Academy of Sciences[27]
- 2015 – Royal Society of Chemistry Centenary Prize[28]
- 2014 – Vittorio De Nora Award, Electrochemical Society [29]
- 2014 – Honorary Professor, Nanjing Tech University [30]
- 2013 – Chemistry World Entrepreneur of the Year [31]
- 2013 – Linus Pauling Award [32]
- 2012 – Lee Kuan Yew Distinguished Visitor to Singapore [33]
- 2012 – Honorary Doctorate of Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore [34]
- 2012 – American Chemical Society Award for Creative Invention [35]
- 2011 – Member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences [36]
- 2010 – Member of the Institute of Medicine [37]
- 2010 – Member of the United States National Academy of Sciences|National Academy of Sciences [38]
- 2009 – Member of the United States National Academy of Engineering|National Academy of Engineering [39]
- 2009 – Lemelson-MIT Prize[40]
- 2007 – Alumni Fellow, Pennsylvania State University [41]
- 2004 – National Institutes of Health Director's Pioneer Award|NIH Director's Pioneer Award [42]
- 2004 – Outstanding Science Alumni Award, Pennsylvania State University [43]
- 2004 – Honorary Degree, Dickinson College, Carlisle, PA [44]
- 2004 – American Chemical Society Nobel Laureate Signature Award [45]
- 2003 – Raymond and Beverly Sackler Prize [46]
- 2002 – Feynman Prize [47]
- 2001 – Leo Hendrik Baekeland Award [48]
- 2000 – Appointed to chair endowed by George B. Rathmann[49]
- 1999 – ACS Award in Pure Chemistry [50]
- 1992 – Beckman Young Investigators Award[51]
參考文獻
- ↑ Chad Mirkin. ScienceWatch.com. Thomson Reuters. [2015-01-21].
- ↑ Top ten chemists: Data provided by Thomson Reuters from its Essential Science Indicators, January 1999-June 2009. Times Higher Education. 2009-12-03 [2015-01-21].
- ↑ Laboratory Heads Ranked by Total Citation Score. Nanomedicine Research. Nanomedicine Lab Registry. [2015-01-21].
- ↑ 2010 Mack Award Recipient – Dr. Chad A. Mirkin. OSU Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry. Ohio State University. [2015-11-17].
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Chad Mirkin, professor. Northwestern University. Weinberg College of Arts & Sciences. [2015-01-21].
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 Chad A. Mirkin. Northwestern University. Mirkin Research Group. [2015-01-21].
- ↑ Postdoctoral Research Fellowships in Chemistry Mirkin, Chad. Granthome.
- ↑ Luminex Buys Nanosphere for $83M, GEN, 2019-05-16 [2020-05-27] (英語)
- ↑ Nobel’s next nominees? Six impactful discoveries that could be future winners. 2020-10 [2020-10-27].
- ↑ Kelleher, Lauren. NU professor named to Obama's science council. The Daily Northwestern. 2009-04-27 [2015-01-21].
- ↑ Fellman, Megan. Mirkin Named to Obama's Science and Technology Advisory Council. Northwestern University NewsCenter. 2009-04-27 [2015-01-21].
- ↑ Philip Hauge Abelson Prize Recipients | American Association for the Advancement of Science
- ↑ Nanotechnology pioneer Chad Mirkin wins Kabiller Prize in Nanoscience and Nanomedicine - Northwestern Now
- ↑ SCI Perkin Medal | Science History Institute
- ↑ The Netherlands Award for Supramolecular Chemistry – FMS Research Center
- ↑ Theodore William Richards Medal Award - Northeastern Section | American Chemical Society
- ↑ Ira Remsen Award. Maryland Section. 2018-11-14 [2018-11-14].
- ↑ https://cen.acs.org/people/awards/2-chemists-honored-Chinas-Friendship/97/i6
- ↑ Mirkin to receive 2018 Harrison Howe Award: Department of Chemistry - Northwestern University
- ↑ http://www.thenanoresearch.com/news/5th%20Nano%20Research%20Award%20Press%20Release_5_final.pdf
- ↑ NY-ACS Nichols Medalists
- ↑ Past Winners - Dickson Prize - Carnegie Mellon University
- ↑ Dr. Chard Alexander Mirkin. Rusano. 2016 [2017-01-31].
- ↑ https://www.dandavidprize.org/laureates/2016
- ↑ American Institute of Chemists Gold Medal. Science History Institute. 2018-03-22.
- ↑ http://aimbe.org/press/Mirkin-COF-2007.pdf
- ↑ Raymond and Beverly Sackler Prize in Convergence Research
- ↑ Royal Society of Chemistry Prizes and Awards 2015. Royal Society of Chemistry. [2015-05-07].
- ↑ Vittorio de Nora Award - ECS
- ↑ Honorary Professorship on Professor Chad Mirkin from Northwestern University-NanJing Tech University
- ↑ Chad Mirkin named Chemistry World Entrepreneur of the Year | News | Chemistry World
- ↑ Pauling Award Medal 2020
- ↑ Service Busy
- ↑ http://media.ntu.edu.sg/pages/newsdetail.aspx?news=2454112a-f22a-41c1-a694-bf344da9cb1d&category=news+releases
- ↑ ACS Award For Creative Invention
- ↑ Faculty Members Named AAAS Fellows: Northwestern University News
- ↑ Northwestern professor Chad Mirkin elected member of the Institute of Medicine
- ↑ <t:value id="title">title</t:value>
- ↑ NAE Website - Professor Chad A. Mirkin
- ↑ Fellman, Megan. Chad Mirkin Receives $500,000 Lemelson-MIT Prize for Invention. Northwestern University. 2009-06-24 [2015-04-24].
- ↑ Penn State's Alumni Fellow Award | Eberly College of Science
- ↑ NIH Director's Pioneer Award Program - 2004 Award Recipients | NIH Common Fund
- ↑ Outstanding Science Alumni Award | Eberly College of Science
- ↑ Honorary Degree Recipients | Dickinson College
- ↑ National Awards - American Chemical Society
- ↑ The Raymond and Beverly Sackler Prize Previous Years Laureatеs
- ↑ https://foresight.org/about/2002Feynman.php
- ↑ Awards | North Jersey Section - American Chemical Society
- ↑ George Rathmann Professor: Chad Mirkin. Northwestern. 2000-09 [2017-01-31].
- ↑ National Awards - American Chemical Society
- ↑ Chad A. Mirkin – 1992. Novel Discoveries: Beckman Young Investigators, 1991–2009. Irvine, CA: Arnold and Mabel Beckman Foundation. 2011: 115.