| 史蒂芬·平克 Steven Pinker | |
|---|---|
 史迪芬·平克 (Göttingen, 2010) | |
| 出生 | 1954年9月18日 Montréal, Québec, Canada |
| 居住地 | United States of America |
| 公民權 | Canadian-American |
| 母校 | Dawson College, 麥基爾大學, 哈佛大學 |
| 知名於 | 心智探奇, The Blank Slate |
| 獎項 | Troland Award (2003, National Academy of Sciences), Henry Dale Prize (2004, Royal Institution), Walter P. Kistler Book Award (2005), Humanist of the Year award (2006, issued by the AHA), George Miller Prize (2010, Cognitive Neuroscience Society) |
| 科學生涯 | |
| 研究領域 | 演化心理學, 實驗心理學, 認知科學, 語言學 |
史蒂芬·亞瑟·平克（英語：Steven Arthur Pinker；1954年9月18日—），加拿大–美國實驗心理學家、認知科學家和科普作家。平克廣泛宣傳演化心理學和心智計算理論的心態而聞名於世。1976年畢業於麥基爾大學，1979年穫哈佛大學博士學位，專攻實驗心理學。在史丹佛作完一年研究後，到麻省理工學院任教。 平克的學術專業是視覺認知及孩子的語言發展，他有名於把語言是一種「本能」或由自然選擇作生物適應形成這些主張普及。在這一點上，他反對喬姆斯基和其他視語言能力為其他修改產品的人。平克著有《語言本能》、《心智探奇》等。他的著作已經贏得了無數獎項，並且是《紐約時報》的暢銷書。
觀點和爭議
基因對人的塑造
平克在其著作《白板》中提出「人生來並非是一張白紙，基因和環境對人的塑造，比我們想像的重要得多」的觀點，挑戰了輿論的政治正確即「人人生而平等」、「不同種族之間不存在基因上的優劣和差異」。從2015年各時間到2020年喬治 弗洛伊德事件導致的騷亂中，平克發表了數條推特論及種族主義和暴力。其中6條推特頗有爭議，遭到數百名學者聯名要求美國語言學會撤銷平克在此會的傑出學者身份[1][2]。
著作
書籍
- Language Learnability and Language Development (1984)
- Visual Cognition (1985)
- Connections and Symbols (1988)
- Learnability and Cognition: The Acquisition of Argument Structure (1989)
- Lexical and Conceptual Semantics (1992)
- The Language Instinct (1994)
- How the Mind Works (1997)
- Words and Rules: The Ingredients of Language (1999)
- The Blank Slate: The Modern Denial of Human Nature (2002)
- The Best American Science and Nature Writing (editor and introduction author, 2004)
- Hotheads (an extract from How the Mind Works, 2005) ISBN 978-0-14-102238-3
- The Stuff of Thought: Language as a Window into Human Nature (2007)
- 《人性中的善良天使：暴力為什麼會減少》 (2011)
- Language, Cognition, and Human Nature: Selected Articles (2013)
- The Sense of Style: The Thinking Person's Guide to Writing in the 21st Century (September 30, 2014)
- Enlightenment Now: The Case for Reason, Science, Humanism, and Progress (February 27. 2018)
文章及論文
- Selective compilation of articles and other works, hosted at Harvard faculty pages
- Pinker, S. Rules of Language. Science. 1991, 253 (5019): 530–535. PMID 1857983. doi:10.1126/science.1857983.
- Ullman, M.; Corkin, S.; Coppola, M.; Hickok, G.; Growdon, J. H.; Koroshetz, W. J.; Pinker, S. A neural dissociation within language: Evidence that the mental dictionary is part of declarative memory, and that grammatical rules are processed by the procedural system. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience. 1997, 9: 289–299.
- Pinker, S. (2003) "Language as an adaptation to the cognitive niche" In M. Christiansen & S. Kirby (Eds.), Language evolution: States of the Art New York: Oxford University Press.
- Pinker, S. So How Does the Mind Work?. Mind and Language. 2005, 20 (1): 1–24. doi:10.1111/j.0268-1064.2005.00274.x.
- Jackendoff, R.; Pinker, S. The nature of the language faculty and its implications for evolution of language" (Reply to Fitch, Hauser, & Chomsky). Cognition. 2005, 97 (2): 211–225. doi:10.1016/j.cognition.2005.04.006.
- In Defense of Dangerous Ideas. Steven Pinker. 2007-07-15.
- Pinker, S. (2012). "The False Allure of Group Selection". Edge, Jun 19, 2012.
- Pinker, S. (2013). Science Is Not Your Enemy. New Republic, Aug 6, 2013.
- Pinker, S. (2014). "The Trouble With Harvard: The Ivy League is broken and only standardized tests can fix it". New Republic, Sep 4, 2014.
參考資料
- ↑ Michael Powell. How a Famous Harvard Professor Became a Target Over His Tweets. The New York Times.
- ↑ 徐悅東. 550多位学者发公开信，谴责史蒂芬·平克忽视社会不公. 新京報.
外部連結
訪談
- 7th Avenue interview on "Better Angels", 2014
- Steven Pinker on The Hour
- Steven Pinker Multimedia audio and video files
- Mosaic Science (Wellcome) interview
談話影片
- TED上的史蒂芬·平克
- The Better Angels of our Nature, Royal Institution, November 2011
- Linguistics, Style and Writing in the 21st Century: With Steven Pinker, Royal Institution, October 2015
討論
- The Two Steves Debate with Neurobiologist 史蒂文·羅斯
- The Science of Gender and Science Debate with Cognitive Psychologist 伊莉莎白·斯皮克 (Video of the debate on YouTube)
- The Decline of Violence Debate with Economist Judith Marquand, BHA Chief Executive 安德魯·考普森 and BBC broadcaster Roger Bolton
