CentOS

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CentOS
CentOS 8中的預設GNOME桌面
開發者CentOS專案（隸屬於Red Hat）
作業系統家族Linux
運作狀態活躍
原始碼模式開放原始碼
首次發佈2004年5月14日，​20年前​（2004-05-14）
目標市場桌上電腦、大型電腦、伺服器及工作站
更新方式長期支援
軟件套件管理系統Yum（命令列）
dnf (命令列)
PackageKit (圖形)
RPM（二進制格式）
支援平台amd64
內核類別整塊性核心（Linux內核）
預設用戶介面命令列、GNOME及KDE Plasma（用戶可選）
許可證自由軟件（GNU通用公共許可證及其他許可證）
官方網站www.centos.org

CentOS（Community Enterprise Operating System）是Linux發行版之一，它是來自於Red Hat Enterprise Linux（RHEL）依照開放原始碼規定釋出的原始碼所編譯而成。由於出自同樣的原始碼，因此有些要求高度穩定性的伺服器以CentOS替代商業版的Red Hat Enterprise Linux使用。兩者的不同，在於CentOS並不包含封閉原始碼軟件。CentOS 對上游代碼的主要修改是為了移除不能自由使用的商標。[1]2014年，CentOS宣佈與Red Hat合作[2]，但CentOS將會在新的委員會下繼續運作，並不受RHEL的影響[3]。

CentOS和RHEL一樣，都可以使用Fedora EPEL來補足軟件。

處理器架構

CentOS有下列處理器平台的版本：

  • Intel x86及相容架構（32位元）（CentOS 7 的32位元版本由AltArch SIG提供支援）[4]
  • Intel Itanium（64位元）（新版本不再支援）
  • x86-64 (AMD64和Intel 64，64位元）
  • PowerPC G3及G4（測試版）（新版本不再支援）
  • IBM的eServer z系列及S/390大型主機（新版本不再支援）
  • 龍芯（Loongson）採用的MIPS架構（32位元、64位元）[5](非官方支援 )
  • AArch64（ARM架構中的ARMv8或ARM64，64位元）（由AltArch SIG提供支援）[6]

另外有限度的支援兩款舊型處理器：

版本

CentOS版本號有兩個部份，一個主要版本和一個次要版本，主要和次要版本號分別對應於RHEL的主要版本與更新套件，CentOS採取從RHEL的原始碼套件來構建。例如CentOS 4.4構建在RHEL 4.0的更新第4版。

自2006年中，CentOS 4.4版本開始（前身為RHEL 4.0更新第4版），Red Hat採用了和CentOS完全相同的版本約定，例如：Red Hat 4.5。

CentOS 5和RHEL 5已經在2017年3月31日結束生命周期。[7]

CentOS 8在2019年9月24日發佈，此版本與之前的套件庫不同，主要分為兩個，分別為BaseOS和AppStream，並且開始使用dnf作為管理套件的程式。

CentOS開發團隊於2020年12月8日宣佈，傳統的CentOS 8將僅維護至2021年底，之後僅維護CentOS Stream[8]，使其變為捲動發行的散佈版（CentOS 7仍將持續維護至原本的支援周期結束）。

發佈歷史

資料來源為 CentOS Wiki 及 Distrowatch CentOS 。

版本 平台 RHEL 版本 發佈日期 RHEL 發佈日期
2 i386 2.1 2004-05-14[9] 2002-05-17[10]
3.1 i386, x86_64, ia64, s390, s390x 3 2004-03-19[11] 2003-10-23[10]
3.4 - Server CD i386, x86_64, ia64, s390, s390x 3.4 2005-01-23 -
3.7 i386, x86_64, ia64, s390, s390x 3.7 2006-04-11[12] -
3.8 i386, x86_64 3.8 2006-08-25[13] 2006-07-20
3.9 i386, x86_64, ia64, s390, s390x 3.9 2007-07-26[14] 2007-06-15
4 i386, x86_64, various 4 2005-03-09[15] 2005-02-14[16]
4.6 i386, x86_64, ia64, alpha, s390, s390x, ppc (beta), sparc (beta) 4.6 2007-12-16[17] 2007-11-16[18]
4.7 i386, x86_64 4.7 2008-09-13[19] 2008-07-24[20]
4.7 - Server CD i386, x86_64 4.7 2008-10-17[21] -
4.8 i386, x86-64 4.8 2009-08-21[22] 2009-05-18[23]
4.9 i386, x86-64 4.9 2011-03-02[24] 2011-02-16[25]
5 i386, x86_64 5 2007-04-12[26] 2007-03-14[27]
5.1 i386, x86_64 5.1 2007-12-02[28] 2007-11-07[29]
5.1 - LiveCD i386 5.1 2008-02-18[30] -
5.2 i386, x86_64 5.2 2008-06-24[31] 2008-05-21[32]
5.2 - LiveCD i386 5.2 2008-07-17[33] -
5.3 i386, x86_64 5.3 2009-03-31[34] 2009-01-20[35]
5.3 - Live CD i386 5.3 2009-05-27[36] -
5.4 i386, x86_64 5.4 2009-10-21[37] 2009-09-02[38]
5.5 i386, x86_64 5.5 2010-05-14[39] 2010-03-31[40]
5.5 - LiveCD i386, x86-64 5.5 2010-05-14[39] -
5.6 i386, x86-64 5.6 2011-04-08[41] 2011-01-13[42]
5.7 i386, x86-64 5.7 2011-09-13[43] 2011-07-21[44]
5.8 i386, x86-64 5.8 2012-03-07[45] 2012-02-21[46]
5.9 i386, x86-64 5.9 2013-01-17[47] 2013-01-07[48]
5.10 i386, x86-64 5.10 2013-10-19[49] 2013-10-01[50]
5.11 i386, x86-64 5.11 2014-09-30[51] 2014-09-16[52]
6 i386, x86-64 6 2011-07-10[53] 2010-11-10[54]
6.0 - LiveCD i386, x86-64 6.0 2011-07-25[55] -
6.0 - LiveDVD i386, x86-64 6.0 2011-07-27[56] -
6.0 - MinimalCD i386, x86-64 6.0 2011-07-28[57] -
6.1 i386, x86-64 6.1 2011-12-09[58] 2011-05-19[59]
6.1 - LiveCD i386, x86-64 6.1 2011-12-09[60] -
6.1 - LiveDVD i386, x86-64 6.1 2011-12-09[61] -
6.1 - MinimalCD i386, x86-64 6.1 2011-12-09[62] -
6.2 i386, x86-64 6.2 2011-12-20[63] 2011-12-06[64]
6.2 - LiveCD i386, x86-64 6.2 2011-12-20[65] -
6.2 - LiveDVD i386, x86-64 6.2 2011-12-20[65] -
6.2 - MinimalCD i386, x86-64 6.2 2011-12-20[63] -
6.3 i386, x86-64 6.3 2012-07-09[66] 2012-06-21[67]
6.4 i386, x86-64 6.4 2013-03-09[68] 2013-02-21[69]
6.5 i386, x86-64 6.5 2013-12-01[70] 2013-11-21[71]
6.6 i386, x86-64 6.6 2014-10-28[72] 2014-10-14[73]
6.7 i386, x86-64 6.7 2015-08-07[74] 2015-07-22[75]
6.8 i386, x86-64 6.8 2016-05-25[76] 2016-05-09[77]
6.9 i386, x86-64 6.9 2017-04-05[78] 2017-03-21[79]
6.10 i386, x86-64 6.10 2018-07-03[80] 2018-06-19[81]
7-1406 x86-64 7.0 2014-07-07[82] 2014-06-10[83]
7-1503 x86-64 7.1 2015-03-31[84] 2015-03-06[85]
7-1503-AArch64 AArch64 7.1 2015-08-04[86] 2015-03-06[85]
7-1503-i386 i386 7.1 2015-10-12[87] 2015-03-06[85]
7-1511 x86-64 7.2 2015-12-14[88] 2015-11-19[89]
7-1611 x86-64 7.3 2016-12-12[90] 2016-11-03[91]
7-1708 x86-64 7.4 2017-09-13[92] 2017-08-01[93]
7-1804 x86-64 7.5 2018-05-10[94] 2018-04-10[95]
7-1810 x86-64 7.6 2018-12-03[96] 2018-10-30[97]
7-1908 x86-64 7.7 2019-09-17[98] 2019-08-06[99]
7-2003 x86-64 7.8 2020-04-27[100] 2020-03-31[101]
7-2009 x86-64 7.9 2020-11-12[102] 2020-09-30[103]
8-1905 x86-64, AArch64, ppc64le 8.0 2019-09-24[104] 2019-05-07[105]
8-1911 x86-64, AArch64, ppc64le 8.1 2020-01-15[106] 2019-11-05[107]
8-2004 x86-64, AArch64, ppc64le 8.2 2020-06-15[108] 2020-04-21[109]
8-2011 x86-64, AArch64, ppc64le 8.3 2020-12-07[110] 2020-10-29[111]
8-2105 x86-64, AArch64, ppc64le 8.4 2021-06-03[112] 2021-05-21[113]
8-2111 x86-64, AArch64, ppc64le 8.5 2021-11-16[114] 2021-11-10[115]

支援時程

發行版本 完整更新 維護更新
3 2006-07-20 2010-10-31
4 2009-03-31 2012-02-29
5 2014-01-31 2017-03-31
6 2017-05-10 2020-11-30
7 2020-08-06 2024-06-30
8 2021-12-31 2021-12-31

參考文獻

  1. ↑ CentOS Project. About CentOS. [2018-02-27] （英語）. CentOS 2, 3, 4 and 5 are built from publicly available open source SRPMS; CentOS mainly changes packages to remove upstream vendor branding and artwork. 
  2. ↑ CentOS Project joins forces with Red Hat. [2014-01-08]. 
  3. ↑ CentOS Governance. [2014-01-08]. 
  4. ↑ AltArch SIG: x86. [2015-10-21]. 
  5. ↑ 龙芯操作系统. [2014-12-02]. 
  6. ↑ AArch64. [2015-10-21]. 
  7. ↑ CentOS 5系统的支持周期已结束应尽快升级. [2017年4月5日]. 
  8. ↑ Rich Bowen. CentOS Project shifts focus to CentOS Stream. 2020-12-08 [2020-12-09]. 
  9. ↑ John Newbigin. CentOS-2 Final finally released. 2004-05-14 [2008-06-01]. 
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 Red Hat. Red Hat Enterprise Linux Errata Support Policy. [2008-06-01]. 
  11. ↑ Lance. CentOS 3.1 has now been released. 2004-03-19 [2008-06-01]. 
  12. ↑ CentOS Team. CentOS 3.7 for all Architectures is released. 2006-04-11 [2008-10-21]. 
  13. ↑ CentOS Team. CentOS 3.8 for i386 and x86_64 is released. 2006-08-25 [2008-10-21]. 
  14. ↑ CentOS Team. CentOS 3.9 is released for i386 and x86_64. 2007-07-26 [2008-10-21]. 
  15. ↑ DistroWatch.com. Distribution Release: CentOS 4. 2005-03-09 [2009-08-02]. 
  16. ↑ DistroWatch.com. Distribution Release: Red Hat Enterprise Linux 4. 2005-02-14 [2009-08-02]. 
  17. ↑ DistroWatch.com. Distribution Release: CentOS 4.6. 2007-12-16 [2008-11-10]. 
  18. ↑ DistroWatch.com. Distribution Release: Red Hat Enterprise Linux 4.6. 2007-11-16 [2008-11-10]. 
  19. ↑ Johnny Hughes. CentOS 4.7 is released for i386 and x86_64. 2008-09-13 [2008-09-14]. 
  20. ↑ Red Hat Enterprise Linux team. Red Hat Enterprise Linux 4.7 GA Announcement. 2008-07-24 [2008-09-14]. 
  21. ↑ Karanbir Singh. CentOS 4.7 Server CD - i386 Released. 2008-10-17 [2009-01-23]. 
  22. ↑ Johnny Hughes. CentOS 4 i386 and x86_64 release of CentOS-4.8. 2009-08-21 [2011-03-12]. 
  23. ↑ Red Hat Enterprise Linux team. Red Hat Enterprise Linux 4.8 GA Announcement. 2009-05-18 [2011-03-12]. 
  24. ↑ Johnny Hughes. CentOS 4 i386 and x86_64 release of CentOS-4.9. 2011-03-02 [2011-03-12]. 
  25. ↑ Red Hat Enterprise Linux team. Red Hat Enterprise Linux 4.9 GA Announcement. 2011-02-16 [2011-03-12]. 
  26. ↑ Karanbir Singh. Release for CentOS-5 i386 and x86_64. 2007-04-12 [2008-06-01]. 
  27. ↑ Red Hat Enterprise Linux team. Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 Now Available. 2007-03-15 [2008-06-01]. 
  28. ↑ Karanbir Singh. Release for CentOS-5.1 i386 and x86_64. 2007-12-02 [2008-06-01]. 
  29. ↑ Red Hat Enterprise Linux team. Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5.1 General Availability Announcement. 2007-11-07 [2008-06-01]. 
  30. ↑ Patrice Guay. CentOS 5 i386 - The CentOS-5.1 i386 Live CD is released. 2008-02-18 [2009-03-25]. 
  31. ↑ Karanbir Singh. Release for CentOS-5.2 i386 and x86_64. 2008-06-24 [2009-02-03]. 
  32. ↑ Red Hat Enterprise Linux team. Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5.2 General Availability Announcement. 2008-05-21 [2009-01-22]. 
  33. ↑ Patrice Guay. CentOS 5 i386 - The CentOS-5.2 i386 Live CD is released. 2008-07-17 [2009-02-03]. 
  34. ↑ Karanbir Singh. Release for CentOS-5.3 i386 and x86_64. 2009-04-01 [2009-04-01]. 
  35. ↑ Red Hat Enterprise Linux team. Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5.3 General Availability Announcement. 2009-01-20 [2009-01-22]. 
  36. ↑ Karanbir Singh. [CentOS-announce] CentOS 5 i386 - The CentOS-5.3 i386 Live CD is released. CentOS mailing list. [2009-06-22]. 
  37. ↑ Singh, Karanbir. [CentOS-announce] Release for CentOS-5.4 i386 and x86_64. 21 Oct 2009 [2009-10-24]. 
  38. ↑ Red Hat Enterprise Linux team. Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5.4 GA Announcement. 2009-09-02 [2009-09-22]. 
  39. ↑ 39.0 39.1 Singh, Karanbir. [CentOS-announce] Release for CentOS-5.5 i386 and x86_64. lists.centos.org. 2010-05-14 [2010-05-15]. 
  40. ↑ Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 (Tikanga) announcement mailing-list. [rhelv5-announce] Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5.5 GA Announcement. 2010-03-31 [2010-05-15]. 
  41. ↑ Release for CentOS-5.6 i386 and x86_64. [2011-04-08]. 
  42. ↑ Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5.6 Now Available. [2011-01-13]. 
  43. ↑ Release for CentOS-5.7 i386 and x86_64. 2011-09-13 [2011-09-13]. 
  44. ↑ Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5.7 Release Notes. [2011-07-21]. 
  45. ↑ Release for CentOS-5.8 i386 and x86_64. 2012-03-07 [2012-03-08]. 
  46. ↑ Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5.8 Release Notes. [2012-02-21]. 
  47. ↑ Release for CentOS-5.9 i386 and x86_64. 2013-01-17 [2013-01-17]. 
  48. ↑ Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5.9 Release Notes. [2013-01-07]. 
  49. ↑ Release for CentOS-5.10 i386 and x86_64. 2013-10-19 [2013-10-19]. 
  50. ↑ Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5.10 Release Notes. [2013-10-01]. 
  51. ↑ Release for CentOS-5.11 i386 and x86_64. 2014-09-30 [2014-09-30]. 
  52. ↑ Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5.11 Release Notes. [2014-09-16]. 
  53. ↑ Release for CentOS-6.0 i386 and x86_64. 2011-07-10 [2011-07-10]. 
  54. ↑ Red Hat Enterprise Linux team. Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 Now Available. 2010-11-10 [2010-11-10]. 
  55. ↑ Karanbir Singh. Release for CentOS-6.0 LiveCD i386 and x86_64. 2011-07-25 [2011-07-25]. 
  56. ↑ Karanbir Singh. Release for CentOS-6.0 LiveDVD i386 and x86_64. 2011-07-27 [2011-07-28]. 
  57. ↑ Karanbir Singh. Release for CentOS-6.0 Minimal i386 and x86_64. 2011-07-28 [2011-07-29]. 
  58. ↑ Release for CentOS-6.1 i386 and x86_64. 2011-12-09 [2011-12-09]. 
  59. ↑ Red Hat Enterprise Linux team. Red Hat Delivers Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.1. 2011-05-19 [2011-05-19]. 
  60. ↑ Karanbir Singh. Release for CentOS-6.1 LiveCD i386 and x86_64. 2011-12-09 [2011-12-10]. 
  61. ↑ Karanbir Singh. Release for CentOS-6.1 LiveDVD i386 and x86_64. 2011-12-09 [2011-12-10]. 
  62. ↑ Karanbir Singh. Release for CentOS-6.1 Minimal i386 and x86_64. 2011-12-09 [2011-12-10]. 
  63. ↑ 63.0 63.1 Release for CentOS-6.2 i386 and x86_64. 2011-12-20 [2011-12-20]. 
  64. ↑ Red Hat Enterprise Linux team. Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.2 Release Notes. 2011-12-06 [2011-12-06]. 
  65. ↑ 65.0 65.1 CentOS 6.2 Release Notes. 2011-12-20 [2011-12-20]. 
  66. ↑ Release for CentOS-6.3 i386 and x86_64. 2012-07-09 [2012-07-09]. 
  67. ↑ Red Hat Enterprise Linux團隊. Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.3 Release Notes. 2012-06-21 [2013-06-21]. 
  68. ↑ Release for CentOS-6.4 i386 and x86_64. 2013-03-09 [2013-03-09]. 
  69. ↑ Red Hat Enterprise Linux團隊. Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.4 Release Notes. 2013-02-21 [2013-02-21]. 
  70. ↑ Release for CentOS-6.5 i386 and x86_64. 2013-12-01 [2013-12-01]. 
  71. ↑ Red Hat Enterprise Linux團隊. Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.5 Release Notes. 2013-11-21 [2013-11-21]. 
  72. ↑ Release for CentOS-6.6 i386 and x86_64. 2014-10-28 [2014-10-28]. 
  73. ↑ Red Hat Enterprise Linux團隊. Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.6 Release Notes. 2014-10-14 [2014-10-14]. 
  74. ↑ Release for CentOS Linux 6.7 i386 and x86_64. 2015-08-07 [2015-08-07]. 
  75. ↑ Red Hat Enterprise Linux團隊. Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.7 Release Notes. 2015-07-22 [2015-07-22]. 
  76. ↑ Release for CentOS Linux 6.8 i386 and x86_64. 2016-05-25 [2016-05-25]. 
  77. ↑ Red Hat Enterprise Linux團隊. Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.8 Release Notes. 2016-05-09 [2016-05-09]. 
  78. ↑ Release for CentOS Linux 6.9 i386 and x86_64. 2017-04-05 [2017-04-05]. 
  79. ↑ Red Hat Enterprise Linux團隊. Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.8 Release Notes. 2017-03-21 [2017-03-21]. 
  80. ↑ Release for CentOS Linux 6.10 i386 and x86_64. 2018-07-03 [2019-05-13]. 
  81. ↑ The Red Hat Enterprise Linux Team. Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.10 Now Available. 2018-06-20 [2019-05-13]. 
  82. ↑ Release for CentOS-7 on x86_64. 2014-07-07 [2014-07-07]. 
  83. ↑ Red Hat Enterprisse Linux 7 Release Note. Red Hat. 2014-06-10 [2014-06-10]. 
  84. ↑ Release for CentOS Linux 7 (1503 ) on x86_64. 2015-03-31 [2015-03-31]. 
  85. ↑ 85.0 85.1 85.2 Red Hat Enterprisse Linux 7.1 Release Note. Red Hat. 2015-03-06 [2015-03-06]. 
  86. ↑ Release for CentOS 7 on AArch64. 2015-08-04 [2015-10-21]. 
  87. ↑ CentOS Linux 7 for 32-bit x86 (i386) Architecture. 2015-10-12 [2015-10-21]. 
  88. ↑ Release for CentOS Linux 7 (1511) on x86_64. 2015-12-14 [2015-12-14]. 
  89. ↑ Red Hat Enterprisse Linux 7.2 Release Note. Red Hat. 2015-11-19 [2015-11-19]. 
  90. ↑ Release for CentOS Linux 7 (1611) on x86_64. 2016-12-12 [2016-12-12]. 
  91. ↑ Red Hat Enterprisse Linux 7.3 Release Note. Red Hat. 2016-11-03 [2016-11-03]. 
  92. ↑ Release for CentOS Linux 7 (1708) on x86_64. 2017-09-13 [2017-09-13]. 
  93. ↑ Red Hat Enterprisse Linux 7.4 Release Note. Red Hat. 2017-08-01 [2017-08-01]. 
  94. ↑ Release for CentOS Linux 7 (1804) on x86_64 aarch64 i386 ppc64 ppc64le. 2018-05-10 [2018-05-10]. 
  95. ↑ Red Hat Enterprisse Linux 7.5 Release Note. Red Hat. 2018-04-10 [2018-04-10]. 
  96. ↑ [CentOS-announce] Release for CentOS Linux 7 (1810) on the x86_64 Architecture. 2018-12-03 [2018-12-03]. 
  97. ↑ Red Hat Enterprisse Linux 7.6 Release Note. Red Hat. 2018-10-30 [2018-10-30]. 
  98. ↑ [CentOS-announce] Release for CentOS Linux 7 (1908) on the x86_64 Architecture. 2019-09-17 [2019-09-17]. 
  99. ↑ Red Hat Enterprisse Linux 7.7 Release Note. Red Hat. 2019-08-06 [2019-08-06]. 
  100. ↑ [CentOS-announce] Release for CentOS Linux 7 (2003) on the x86_64 Architecture. 2020-04-27 [2020-04-27]. 
  101. ↑ Red Hat Enterprisse Linux 7.8 Release Note. Red Hat. 2020-03-31 [2020-03-31]. 
  102. ↑ [CentOS-announce] Release for CentOS Linux 7 (2009) on the x86_64 Architecture. 2020-11-12 [2020-11-12]. 
  103. ↑ Red Hat Enterprisse Linux 7.9 Release Note. Red Hat. 2020-09-30 [2020-09-30]. 
  104. ↑ [CentOS-announce] Release for CentOS Linux 8 and CentOS Streams. 2019-09-24 [2019-09-24]. 
  105. ↑ Red Hat Enterprisse Linux 8.0 Release Note. Red Hat. 2019-05-07 [2019-05-07]. 
  106. ↑ [CentOS-announce] Release for CentOS Linux 8 (1911). 2020-01-15 [2020-01-15]. 
  107. ↑ Red Hat Enterprisse Linux 8.1 Release Note. Red Hat. 2019-11-05 [2019-11-05]. 
  108. ↑ [CentOS-announce] Release for CentOS Linux 8 (2004). 2020-06-15 [2020-06-15]. 
  109. ↑ Red Hat Enterprisse Linux 8.2 Release Note. Red Hat. 2020-04-21 [2020-04-21]. 
  110. ↑ [CentOS-announce] Release for CentOS Linux 8 (2011). 2020-12-07 [2020-12-07]. 
  111. ↑ Red Hat Enterprisse Linux 8.3 Release Note. Red Hat. 2020-10-29 [2020-10-29]. 
  112. ↑ [CentOS-announce] Announcing the latest release of CentOS Linux 8 (2105). 2021-06-03 [2021-06-03]. 
  113. ↑ Red Hat Enterprisse Linux 8.4 Release Note. Red Hat. 2021-05-21 [2021-05-21]. 
  114. ↑ [CentOS-announce] Announcing the latest release of CentOS Linux 8 (2111). 2021-11-16 [2021-11-16]. 
  115. ↑ Red Hat Enterprisse Linux 8.5 Release Note. Red Hat. 2021-11-10 [2021-11-10]. 

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