钙的同位素

**主要的钙同位素**
γ	–
标准原子质量 (Ar, 标准)	40.078(4);
←K（19）	Sc（21）→
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钙（原子量：40.078(4)）共有24个同位素，其中有3个是稳定的。

图表

符号	Z（p ）	N（n ）	同位素质量（u）	半衰期^{[n 1]}	衰变方式^[2]^{[n 2]}	衰变产物^{[n 3]}	原子核自旋	相对丰度（莫耳分率）	相对丰度的变化量（莫耳分率）
³⁴Ca	20	14	34.01412(32)#	<35 ns	p	³³K	0+
³⁵Ca	20	15	35.00494(21)#	25.7(2) ms	β⁺ (>99.9%)	³⁵K	1/2+#
³⁵Ca	20	15	35.00494(21)#	25.7(2) ms	β⁺, p (<.1%)	³⁴Ar	1/2+#
³⁶Ca	20	16	35.99309(4)	102(2) ms	β⁺, p (56.8%)	³⁵Ar	0+
³⁶Ca	20	16	35.99309(4)	102(2) ms	β⁺ (43.2%)	³⁶K	0+
³⁷Ca	20	17	36.985870(24)	181.1(10) ms	β⁺, p (74.5%)	³⁶Ar	(3/2+)
³⁷Ca	20	17	36.985870(24)	181.1(10) ms	β⁺ (25.5%)	³⁷K	(3/2+)
³⁸Ca	20	18	37.976318(5)	440(8) ms	β⁺	³⁸K	0+
³⁹Ca	20	19	38.9707197(20)	859.6(14) ms	β⁺	³⁹K	3/2+
⁴⁰Ca^{[n 4]}	20	20	39.96259098(22)	观测上稳定^{[n 5]}			0+	0.96941(156)	0.96933–0.96947
⁴¹Ca	20	21	40.96227806(26)	1.02(7)×10⁵ y	ε	⁴¹K	7/2−	痕量^{[n 6]}
⁴²Ca	20	22	41.95861801(27)	稳定			0+	0.00647(23)	0.00646–0.00648
⁴³Ca	20	23	42.9587666(3)	稳定			7/2−	0.00135(10)	0.00135–0.00135
⁴⁴Ca	20	24	43.9554818(4)	稳定			0+	0.02086(110)	0.02082–0.02092
⁴⁵Ca	20	25	44.9561866(4)	162.67(25) d	β⁻	⁴⁵Sc	7/2−
⁴⁶Ca	20	26	45.9536926(24)	观测上稳定^{[n 7]}			0+	4(3)×10⁻⁵	4×10⁻⁵–4×10⁻⁵
⁴⁷Ca	20	27	46.9545460(24)	4.536(3) d	β⁻	⁴⁷Sc	7/2−
⁴⁸Ca^{[n 8]}	20	28	47.952534(4)	43(38)×10¹⁸ y	β⁻β⁻^{[n 9]}	⁴⁸Ti	0+	0.00187(21)	0.00186–0.00188
⁴⁹Ca	20	29	48.955674(4)	8.718(6) min	β⁻	⁴⁹Sc	3/2−
⁵⁰Ca	20	30	49.957519(10)	13.9(6) s	β⁻	⁵⁰Sc	0+
⁵¹Ca	20	31	50.9615(1)	10.0(8) s	β⁻ (>99.9%)	⁵¹Sc	(3/2−)#
⁵¹Ca	20	31	50.9615(1)	10.0(8) s	β⁻, n (<.1%)	⁵⁰Sc	(3/2−)#
⁵²Ca	20	32	51.96510(75)	4.6(3) s	β⁻ (98%)	⁵²Sc	0+
⁵²Ca	20	32	51.96510(75)	4.6(3) s	β⁻, n (2%)	⁵¹Sc	0+
⁵³Ca	20	33	52.97005(54)#	90(15) ms	β⁻ (70%)	⁵³Sc	3/2−#
⁵³Ca	20	33	52.97005(54)#	90(15) ms	β⁻, n (30%)	⁵²Sc	3/2−#
⁵⁴Ca	20	34	53.97435(75)#	50# ms [>300 ns]	β⁻, n	⁵³Sc	0+
⁵⁴Ca	20	34	53.97435(75)#	50# ms [>300 ns]	β⁻	⁵⁴Sc	0+
⁵⁵Ca	20	35	54.98055(75)#	30# ms [>300 ns]	β⁻	⁵⁵Sc	5/2−#
⁵⁶Ca	20	36	55.98557(97)#	10# ms [>300 ns]	β⁻	⁵⁶Sc	0+
⁵⁷Ca	20	37	56.99236(107)#	5# ms	β⁻	⁵⁷Sc	5/2−#
⁵⁷Ca	20	37	56.99236(107)#	5# ms	β⁻, n	⁵⁶Sc	5/2−#
⁵⁸Ca	20	38	(57.962133)#				(0+)#

备注：画上#号的数据代表没有经过实验的证明，只是理论推测而已，而用括号括起来的代表数据不确定性。

←	同位素列表	→
[[{{{前一个}}}]]	{{{这一个}}}	[[{{{下一个}}}]]

注释

↑ Bold for isotopes with half-lives longer than the age of the universe (nearly stable)
↑ Abbreviations:
EC: 电子俘获
↑ Bold for stable isotopes
↑ Heaviest nuclide with equal numbers of protons and neutrons with no observed decay
↑ Believed to undergo double electron capture to ⁴⁰Ar with a half-life no less than 5.9×10²¹ a
↑ Cosmogenic nuclide
↑ Believed to undergo β⁻β⁻ decay to ⁴⁶Ti with a half-life no less than 2.8×10¹⁵ a
↑ Primordial 放射性同位素
↑ Lightest nuclide known to undergo 双β衰变

参考文献

↑ Meija, Juris; et al. Atomic weights of the elements 2013 (IUPAC Technical Report). Pure and Applied Chemistry. 2016, 88 (3): 265–91. doi:10.1515/pac-2015-0305.
↑ Universal Nuclide Chart. nucleonica. [2015-09-11].

Isotope masses from Ame2003 Atomic Mass Evaluation by G. Audi, A.H. Wapstra, C. Thibault, J. Blachot and O. Bersillon in Nuclear Physics A729 (2003).
Isotopic compositions and standard atomic masses from Atomic weights of the elements. Review 2000 (IUPAC Technical Report) . Pure Appl. Chem. Vol. 75, No. 6, pp. 683–800, (2003) and Atomic Weights Revised (2005) .
Half-life, spin, and isomer data selected from these sources. Editing notes on this article's talk page.
- Audi, Bersillon, Blachot, Wapstra. The Nubase2003 evaluation of nuclear and decay properties , Nuc. Phys. A 729, pp. 3–128 (2003).
- National Nuclear Data Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory. Information extracted from the NuDat 2.1 database (retrieved Sept. 2005).
- David R. Lide (ed.), Norman E. Holden in CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 85th Edition, online version. CRC Press. Boca Raton, Florida (2005). Section 11, Table of the Isotopes.

[2] Bold for isotopes with half-lives longer than the age of the universe (nearly stable)

[4] Abbreviations:
EC: 电子俘获

[5] Bold for stable isotopes

[6] Heaviest nuclide with equal numbers of protons and neutrons with no observed decay

[7] Believed to undergo double electron capture to ⁴⁰Ar with a half-life no less than 5.9×10²¹ a

[8] Cosmogenic nuclide

[9] Believed to undergo β⁻β⁻ decay to ⁴⁶Ti with a half-life no less than 2.8×10¹⁵ a

[PN-10] Primordial 放射性同位素

[11] Lightest nuclide known to undergo 双β衰变

[CIAAW2013-1] Meija, Juris; et al. Atomic weights of the elements 2013 (IUPAC Technical Report). Pure and Applied Chemistry. 2016, 88 (3): 265–91. doi:10.1515/pac-2015-0305.

[3] Universal Nuclide Chart. nucleonica. [2015-09-11].

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