补语

英语补语的作用对象是主语和宾语，具有鲜明的定语性描写或限制性功能，在句法上是不可或缺的。补语是起补充说明作用的成分。最常见的是宾语补足语。名词、动名词、形容词、副词、不定词、现在分词、过去分词都可以在句子中作宾补。

主词的补语

它用在介系词之后，是句子的一个基本成分。常用主－介－表结构。

I saw her with them, at least, I thought it was her.

我看到她和他们在一起，至少我认得是她。（her做受词，with做介系词，them做主词补语）

Who broke the vase? --谁打碎了花瓶？

Me. 我。 （me做主词补语= It's me.）

John hoped the passenger would be Mary and indeed it was she. （she做主语补语）

约翰希望那位乘客是玛莉，还真是她。

受词的补语

• 不定词(to do)

Father will not allow us to play on the street. 父亲不让我们在街上玩耍。

We believe him to be guilty. 我们相信他是有罪的。

We made him to copy the sentence.

He is made to copy the sentence.

I felt my hands tremble.

• 名词

At the meeting we elected him monitor.

I think your brother a clever boy.

• 形容词

What you said made Xiao Wang angry.

I found the classroom empty.

• 副词

Please call the students back at once.

He was seen to take his cap off.

• 现在分词

We hear him singing in the hall.

I found him lying in bed, sleeping.

• 过去分词

He saw his face reflected in the water.

I heard it spoken of in the next room.