| 斯蒂芬·平克 Steven Pinker | |
|---|---|
 史迪芬·平克 (Göttingen, 2010) | |
| 出生 | 1954年9月18日 Montréal, Québec, Canada |
| 居住地 | United States of America |
| 公民权 | Canadian-American |
| 母校 | Dawson College, 麦基尔大学, 哈佛大学 |
| 知名于 | 心智探奇, The Blank Slate |
| 奖项 | Troland Award (2003, National Academy of Sciences), Henry Dale Prize (2004, Royal Institution), Walter P. Kistler Book Award (2005), Humanist of the Year award (2006, issued by the AHA), George Miller Prize (2010, Cognitive Neuroscience Society) |
| 科学生涯 | |
| 研究领域 | 演化心理学, 实验心理学, 认知科学, 语言学 |
斯蒂芬·亚瑟·平克（英语：Steven Arthur Pinker；1954年9月18日—），加拿大–美国实验心理学家、认知科学家和科普作家。平克广泛宣传演化心理学和心智计算理论的心态而闻名于世。1976年毕业于麦基尔大学，1979年获哈佛大学博士学位，专攻实验心理学。在史丹佛作完一年研究后，到麻省理工学院任教。 平克的学术专业是视觉认知及孩子的语言发展，他有名于把语言是一种“本能”或由自然选择作生物适应形成这些主张普及。在这一点上，他反对乔姆斯基和其他视语言能力为其他修改产品的人。平克著有《语言本能》、《心智探奇》等。他的著作已经赢得了无数奖项，并且是《纽约时报》的畅销书。
观点和争议
基因对人的塑造
平克在其著作《白板》中提出“人生来并非是一张白纸，基因和环境对人的塑造，比我们想象的重要得多”的观点，挑战了舆论的政治正确即“人人生而平等”、“不同种族之间不存在基因上的优劣和差异”。从2015年各时间到2020年乔治 弗洛伊德事件导致的骚乱中，平克发表了数条推特论及种族主义和暴力。其中6条推特颇有争议，遭到数百名学者联名要求美国语言学会撤销平克在此会的杰出学者身份[1][2]。
著作
书籍
- Language Learnability and Language Development (1984)
- Visual Cognition (1985)
- Connections and Symbols (1988)
- Learnability and Cognition: The Acquisition of Argument Structure (1989)
- Lexical and Conceptual Semantics (1992)
- The Language Instinct (1994)
- How the Mind Works (1997)
- Words and Rules: The Ingredients of Language (1999)
- The Blank Slate: The Modern Denial of Human Nature (2002)
- The Best American Science and Nature Writing (editor and introduction author, 2004)
- Hotheads (an extract from How the Mind Works, 2005) ISBN 978-0-14-102238-3
- The Stuff of Thought: Language as a Window into Human Nature (2007)
- 《人性中的善良天使：暴力为什么会减少》 (2011)
- Language, Cognition, and Human Nature: Selected Articles (2013)
- The Sense of Style: The Thinking Person's Guide to Writing in the 21st Century (September 30, 2014)
- Enlightenment Now: The Case for Reason, Science, Humanism, and Progress (February 27. 2018)
文章及论文
- Selective compilation of articles and other works, hosted at Harvard faculty pages
- Pinker, S. Rules of Language. Science. 1991, 253 (5019): 530–535. PMID 1857983. doi:10.1126/science.1857983.
- Ullman, M.; Corkin, S.; Coppola, M.; Hickok, G.; Growdon, J. H.; Koroshetz, W. J.; Pinker, S. A neural dissociation within language: Evidence that the mental dictionary is part of declarative memory, and that grammatical rules are processed by the procedural system. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience. 1997, 9: 289–299.
- Pinker, S. (2003) "Language as an adaptation to the cognitive niche" In M. Christiansen & S. Kirby (Eds.), Language evolution: States of the Art New York: Oxford University Press.
- Pinker, S. So How Does the Mind Work?. Mind and Language. 2005, 20 (1): 1–24. doi:10.1111/j.0268-1064.2005.00274.x.
- Jackendoff, R.; Pinker, S. The nature of the language faculty and its implications for evolution of language" (Reply to Fitch, Hauser, & Chomsky). Cognition. 2005, 97 (2): 211–225. doi:10.1016/j.cognition.2005.04.006.
- In Defense of Dangerous Ideas. Steven Pinker. 2007-07-15.
- Pinker, S. (2012). "The False Allure of Group Selection". Edge, Jun 19, 2012.
- Pinker, S. (2013). Science Is Not Your Enemy. New Republic, Aug 6, 2013.
- Pinker, S. (2014). "The Trouble With Harvard: The Ivy League is broken and only standardized tests can fix it". New Republic, Sep 4, 2014.
参考资料
- ↑ Michael Powell. How a Famous Harvard Professor Became a Target Over His Tweets. The New York Times.
- ↑ 徐悦东. 550多位学者发公开信，谴责史蒂芬·平克忽视社会不公. 新京报.
外部链接
访谈
- 7th Avenue interview on "Better Angels", 2014
- Steven Pinker on The Hour
- Steven Pinker Multimedia audio and video files
- Mosaic Science (Wellcome) interview
谈话影片
- TED上的斯蒂芬·平克
- The Better Angels of our Nature, Royal Institution, November 2011
- Linguistics, Style and Writing in the 21st Century: With Steven Pinker, Royal Institution, October 2015
讨论
- The Two Steves Debate with Neurobiologist 史蒂文·罗斯
- The Science of Gender and Science Debate with Cognitive Psychologist 伊丽莎白·斯皮克 (Video of the debate on YouTube)
- The Decline of Violence Debate with Economist Judith Marquand, BHA Chief Executive 安德鲁·考普森 and BBC broadcaster Roger Bolton
