波斯文學（波斯語：ادبیات فارسی adabiyāt-e fārsi）包括由波斯語轉述、寫作而成的文字作品，是世界上最為古老的文學之一。[1][2][3]它綿延了兩千五百餘年，但許多伊朗歷史相關的作品如今卻已經失傳。波斯文學作品的創作題材來自於大伊朗地區，範圍包括今天的伊朗、伊拉克、高加索和土耳其，以及波斯語曾為官方語言或本土語言的部分中、南亞等地區。
波斯諺語舉例
* Thousands of friends aren't sufficient and one enemy one too many. *
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هزاران دوست کماند و یک دشمن زیاد
Hezārān dūst kam-and-o [va] yek doshman ziād. |
* The wise enemy is better than the ignorant friend. *
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دشمن دانا بهتر از دوست نادان است
Doshman-e dānā beh'tar az dust-e nādān ast./ |
* The wise enemy lifts you up, the ignorant friend casts you down. *
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دشمن دانا بلندت میکند. بر زمینت میزند ناداندوست
Doshman-e dānā bolandat mikonad. Bar zaminat mizanad nādān-dūst. |
* There is no dead in the grave, on top of which you're crying! (equivalent to "barking up the wrong tree" ) *
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در قبری که بالایش می گریی، مرده نیست
Dar qabrī ke bālāyash mīger'yī morde nīst |
參考資料
- ↑ Spooner, Brian. Dari, Farsi, and Tojiki. Marashi, Mehdi (編). Persian Studies in North America: Studies in Honor of Mohammad Ali Jazayery. Leiden: Brill. 1994: 177–178.
- ↑ Spooner, Brian. Dari, Farsi, and Tojiki. Schiffman, Harold (編). Language policy and language conflict in Afghanistan and its neighbors: the changing politics of language choice. Leiden: Brill. 2012: 94.
- ↑ Campbell, George L.; King, Gareth (編). Persian. Compendium of the World's Languages 3rd. Routledge. 2013: 1339.
參考文獻
- Farmanfarmaian, Fatema Soudavar. Arjomand, Saïd Amir , 編. Georgia and Iran: Three Millennia of Cultural Relations An Overview. Journal of Persianate Studies (BRILL). 2009, 2 (1): 1–43. doi:10.1163/187471609X445464.
延伸閱讀
- ʻAbd al-Ḥusayn Zarrīnʹkūb. Dū qarn sukūt: sarguz̲asht-i ḥavādis̲ va awz̤āʻ-i tārīkhī dar dū qarn-i avval-i Islām (Two Centuries of Silence). Tihrān: Sukhan. 2000. OCLC 46632917. ISBN 964-5983-33-6.
- Aryanpur, Manoochehr. A History of Persian Literature. Tehran: Kayhan Press, 1973
- Chopra, R.M., "Eminent Poetesses of Persian", Iran Society, Kolkata, 2010.
- Chopra, R.M., "The Rise Growth And Decline of Indo-Persian Literature", 2012, published by Iran Culture House, New Delhi and Iran Society, Kolkata. Revised edition published in 2013.
- Zellem, Edward. Zarbul Masalha: 151 Afghan Dari Proverbs. Charleston: CreateSpace, 2012.
- Clawson, Patrick. Eternal Iran. Macmillan, 2005. ISBN 1-4039-6276-6.
- Browne, E.G.. Literary History of Persia 1998. ISBN 0-7007-0406-X.
- Browne, Edward G.. Islamic Medicine. 2002. ISBN 81-87570-19-9
- Rypka, Jan. History of Iranian Literature. Reidel Publishing Company, 1968. OCLC 460598. ISBN 90-277-0143-1.
- Schimmel, Annemarie (1992). A Two-colored Brocade: The Imagery of Persian Poetry. University of North Carolina Press, USA. ISBN 1469616378.
- Tikku, G.L. Persian Poetry in Kashmir. 1971. ISBN 0-520-09312-7
- Walker, Benjamin. Persian Pageant: A Cultural History of Iran. Calcutta: Arya Press, 1950.
- Zellem, Edward. Afghan Proverbs Illustrated. Charleston: CreateSpace, 2012.
- Chopra, R.M., "Great Poets of Classical Persian", 2014, Sparrow Publication, Kolkata, ISBN 978-81-89140-99-1.
外部連結
- National Committee for the Expansion of the Persian Language and Literature (شورای گسترش زبان و ادبیات فارسی)
- The Packard Humanities Institute: Persian Literature in Translation (currently down) (latest archived version)
- Persian literature at Encyclopædia Britannica
- Persian Literature & Poetry at parstimes.com
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