傳統意義上，公信力有兩個基本要素：可信度和專業度，兩者都由主觀和客觀組成。可信度更多地建立在主觀因素基礎上，但也包括客觀衡量標準，如公認的可靠信息。專業度同樣可被主觀感知，同時也包括相關信息的客觀的特徵，如憑證、證書和信息質量等。[1]公信力的次要要素包括信息來源的活力和吸引力。
1990年代中期開始，網絡已成為一個重要的信息源，網絡公信力也因此成為一個重要的研究課題。加州大學聖巴巴拉分校公信力和數字媒體工程正進行此方面的研究，並將其列為近期研究重點。研究內容包括數字媒體、青年人和公信力。此外，斯坦福大學的科技說服者實驗室也已展開網絡公信力的研究，並提出網絡公信力的主要組成和概述性理論--顯釋論。
新聞公信力
根據職業記者協會制定的道德守則，職業操守是記者公信力的基石。（參閱前言）
科學公信力
科學公信力被定義為，可提供公認可靠信息源的一般科學的延伸。[2]該術語也做狹義用，如針對科學家或某一領域研究的公信力評估。此地，科學公信力指研究成果是否遵循科學原理。[3]評估科學成果質量最常用的方法是同行評審和科學著作的發表。[4]其他方法也包括由一組專家共同評估，這一方法的能夠產生很多專業的評論，發表在科克倫協作網[5]和政府間氣候變化專門委員會[6]之類的網站上。
社會大眾左右着爭議性問題的科學權威判斷，如生物技術。[7]同時，科學的公信力和權威性受到非主流觀點的質疑。他們鼓吹替代醫學[8]，質疑科學共識（如提出艾滋病重估運動）。[9][10]
參考
- ↑ Flanagin and Metzger (2008), Digital media and youth: Unparalleled opportunity and unprecedented responsibility. In M. Metzger, & A. Flanagin (Editors), Digital media, youth, and credibility (pp. 5-28). Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press.
- ↑ Bocking, Stephen. Nature's experts: science, politics, and the environment. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press. 2004: 164. ISBN 0-8135-3398-8.
- ↑ Alkin, Marvin C. Evaluation roots: tracing theorists' views and influences. Thousand Oaks, Calif: Sage. 2004: 134. ISBN 0-7619-2894-4.
- ↑ Bocking, Stephen. Nature's experts: science, politics, and the environment. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press. 2004: 165. ISBN 0-8135-3398-8.
- ↑ What is a Cochrane review The Cochrane Collaboration, Accessed 05 January 2009
- ↑ Agrawala, S. Structural and Process History of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (PDF). Climatic Change. 1998, 39 (4): 621–642. doi:10.1023/A:1005312331477.[永久失效連結]
- ↑ Brossard, Dominique; Nisbet, Matthew C. Deference to Scientific Authority Among a Low Information Public: Understanding U.S. Opinion on Agricultural Biotechnology. International Journal of Public Opinion Research. 2007, 19 (1): 24 [2011-03-12]. doi:10.1093/ijpor/edl003. 簡明摘要.
- ↑ O'callaghan, F.V.; Jordan, N. Postmodern values, attitudes and the use of complementary medicine. Complementary Therapies in Medicine. 2003, 11 (1): 28–32 [2011-03-12]. PMID 12667972. doi:10.1016/S0965-2299(02)00109-7.
- ↑ Smith TC, Novella SP. HIV denial in the Internet era. PLoS Med. 2007-08, 4 (8): e256 [2017-11-23]. PMC 1949841
. PMID 17713982. doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.0040256.
- ↑ Epstein, Steven. Impure science: AIDS, activism, and the politics of knowledge. Berkeley: University of California Press. 1996. ISBN 0-520-21445-5.
著作
- Chesney, T. (2006). An empirical examination of Wikipedia’s credibility. First Monday, 11(11), URL: http://firstmonday.org/issues/issue11_11/chesney/index.html
- Flanagin, A.J., & Metzger, M.J. (2007). The role of site features, user attributes, and information verification behaviors on the perceived credibility of web-based information. New Media & Society, 9(2), 319-342. Available at: https://web.archive.org/web/20110720074837/http://www.comm.ucsb.edu/documents/flanaginmetzger.pdf
- Flanagin, A. J., & Metzger, M. (2008). Digital media and youth: Unparalleled opportunity and unprecedented responsibility. In M. Metzger, & A. Flanagin (Editors), Digital media, youth, and credibility (pp. 5–28). Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press.
- Mattus, Maria (2007). Finding Credible Information: A Challenge to Students Writing Academic Essays. Human IT 9(2), 1-28. Hentet 2007-09-04 fra: http://www.hb.se/bhs/ith/2-9/mm.pdf[永久失效連結]
- Metzger, M.J., Flanagin, A.J., Eyal, K., Lemus, D.R., & McCann, R. (2003). Credibility in the 21st century: Integrating perspectives on source, message, and media credibility in the contemporary media environment. In P. Kalbfleisch (Ed.), Communication Yearbook 27 (pp. 293–335). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum. Available at: https://web.archive.org/web/20100707184920/http://www.comm.ucsb.edu/publications/flanagin/Metzger%20Flanagin%20et%20al%202003%20%28CY%29.pdf
- Metzger, M.J., & Flanagin, A.J. (Eds.) (2008). Digital Media, Youth, and Credibility. Cambridge: MIT Press. Available at: http://www.mitpressjournals.org/toc/dmal/-/2
- Rieh, Soo Young & Danielson, David R. (2007). Credibility: A multidisciplinary framework. Annual Review of Information Science and Technology, 41, 307-364.
- Savolainen, R. (2007). Media credibility and cognitive authority. The case of seeking orienting information. Information Research, 12(3) paper 319. Available at https://web.archive.org/web/20180416064908/http://www.informationr.net/ir///12-3/paper319.html
外鏈
- Handbook of Management Scales: Credibility
- College students』 news habits, preferences, and credibility perceptions