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烏克蘭危機和2014年克里米亞危機的一部分 | |||||
俄羅斯總統普京在克林姆林宮 簽署克里米亞併入俄羅斯的協議 | |||||
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克里米亞危機是指2014年年初,克里米亞半島被併入俄羅斯聯邦的一起地緣政治風波。克里米亞半島於1954年由蘇聯治下的俄羅斯劃歸烏克蘭。現在,克里米亞半島受俄羅斯控制,俄羅斯在該半島設立所謂「克里米亞共和國」及塞瓦斯托波爾市。
經過
2014年2月22日至23日,俄羅斯總統普京召開國家安全會議,並表示「我們必須讓克里米亞回歸俄羅斯」。2月23日,塞瓦斯托波爾發生親俄示威遊行。2月27日,得到政治掩護的俄羅斯軍隊接管了克里米亞議會[1][2],並佔領克里米亞戰略要地,建立親俄政府。在3月16日的公投之後,克里米亞宣布獨立[3]。3月18日,俄羅斯聲稱擁有克里米亞主權,烏克蘭及國際社會均對此舉嚴詞譴責[4][5],認為這一行為違反國際法和俄羅斯簽署的保障烏克蘭領土完整的協議。聯合國也拒絕承認俄羅斯合併克里米亞[6][7][7]。2016年,聯合國大會重新確認不承認俄羅斯兼併烏克蘭領土,並譴責俄羅斯佔領克里米亞和塞瓦斯托波爾[8][9],俄羅斯亦對此標示強烈反對[10]。普京宣稱這次公投符合前途自決普世價值及國際原則[11]。2015年7月,俄羅斯總理梅德韋傑夫宣稱,克里米亞已經完全融入俄羅斯[12]。
參考資料
- ↑ Simon Shuster. Putin's Man in Crimea Is Ukraine's Worst Nightmare. Time. 2014-03-10 [2015-03-08].
Before dawn on Feb. 27, at least two dozen heavily armed men stormed the Crimean parliament building and the nearby headquarters of the regional government, bringing with them a cache of assault rifles and rocket propelled grenades. A few hours later, Aksyonov walked into the parliament and, after a brief round of talks with the gunmen, began to gather a quorum of the chamber's lawmakers.
- ↑ Alissa de Carbonnel. How the separatists delivered Crimea to Moscow. Reuters. 2014-03-13 [2015-03-08].
Only a week after gunmen planted the Russian flag on the local parliament, Aksyonov and his allies held another vote and declared parliament was appealing to Putin to annex Crimea
- ↑ Про дострокове припинення повноважень Верховної Ради Автономної Республіки Крим [On the dissolution of the Verkhovna Rada of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea]. Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine. 2014-03-15 [2018-01-25] (烏克蘭語).
- ↑ Oleksandr Turchynov. Декларація "Про боротьбу за звільнення України" [Declaration "On the struggle for the liberation of Ukraine"]. Parliament of Ukraine. 2014-03-20 [2014-04-24] (烏克蘭語).
- ↑ Fred Dews. NATO Secretary-General: Russia's Annexation of Crimea Is Illegal and Illegitimate. Brookings. 2014-03-19 [2015-03-08].
- ↑ UN General Assembly adopts resolution affirming Ukraine's territorial integrity. China Central Television. 2014-03-28 [2015-03-08].
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 United Nations A/RES/68/262 General Assembly (PDF). United Nations. 2014-04-01 [2014-04-24].
- ↑ Situation of human rights in the Autonomous Republic of Crimea and the city of Sevastopol (Ukraine)[永久失效連結]
- ↑ General Assembly Adopts 50 Third Committee Resolutions, as Diverging Views on Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity Animate Voting. [2018-01-25].
- ↑ Лавров назвал оскорбительными заявления Запада об аннексии Крыма [Lavrov called Western declarations about the annexation of Crimea as being offensive]. vz.ru. 2014-03-21 [2015-03-08] (俄語).
- ↑ Boris N. Mamlyuk. The Ukraine Crisis, Cold War II, and International Law. The German Law Journal. 2015-07-06. SSRN 2627417 .
- ↑ Jess McHugh. Putin Eliminates Ministry of Crimea, Region Fully Integrated into Russia, Russian Leaders Say. International Business Times. 2015-07-15 [2016-01-10].