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乌克兰危机和2014年克里米亚危机的一部分 | |||||
俄罗斯总统普京在克林姆林宫 签署克里米亚并入俄罗斯的协议 | |||||
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克里米亚危机是指2014年年初,克里米亚半岛被并入俄罗斯联邦的一起地缘政治风波。克里米亚半岛于1954年由苏联治下的俄罗斯划归乌克兰。现在,克里米亚半岛受俄罗斯控制,俄罗斯在该半岛设立所谓“克里米亚共和国”及塞瓦斯托波尔市。
经过
2014年2月22日至23日,俄罗斯总统普京召开国家安全会议,并表示“我们必须让克里米亚回归俄罗斯”。2月23日,塞瓦斯托波尔发生亲俄示威游行。2月27日,得到政治掩护的俄罗斯军队接管了克里米亚议会[1][2],并占领克里米亚战略要地,建立亲俄政府。在3月16日的公投之后,克里米亚宣布独立[3]。3月18日,俄罗斯声称拥有克里米亚主权,乌克兰及国际社会均对此举严词谴责[4][5],认为这一行为违反国际法和俄罗斯签署的保障乌克兰领土完整的协议。联合国也拒绝承认俄罗斯合并克里米亚[6][7][7]。2016年,联合国大会重新确认不承认俄罗斯兼并乌克兰领土,并谴责俄罗斯占领克里米亚和塞瓦斯托波尔[8][9],俄罗斯亦对此标示强烈反对[10]。普京宣称这次公投符合前途自决普世价值及国际原则[11]。2015年7月,俄罗斯总理梅德韦杰夫宣称,克里米亚已经完全融入俄罗斯[12]。
参考资料
- ↑ Simon Shuster. Putin's Man in Crimea Is Ukraine's Worst Nightmare. Time. 2014-03-10 [2015-03-08].
Before dawn on Feb. 27, at least two dozen heavily armed men stormed the Crimean parliament building and the nearby headquarters of the regional government, bringing with them a cache of assault rifles and rocket propelled grenades. A few hours later, Aksyonov walked into the parliament and, after a brief round of talks with the gunmen, began to gather a quorum of the chamber's lawmakers.
- ↑ Alissa de Carbonnel. How the separatists delivered Crimea to Moscow. Reuters. 2014-03-13 [2015-03-08].
Only a week after gunmen planted the Russian flag on the local parliament, Aksyonov and his allies held another vote and declared parliament was appealing to Putin to annex Crimea
- ↑ Про дострокове припинення повноважень Верховної Ради Автономної Республіки Крим [On the dissolution of the Verkhovna Rada of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea]. Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine. 2014-03-15 [2018-01-25] (乌克兰语).
- ↑ Oleksandr Turchynov. Декларація "Про боротьбу за звільнення України" [Declaration "On the struggle for the liberation of Ukraine"]. Parliament of Ukraine. 2014-03-20 [2014-04-24] (乌克兰语).
- ↑ Fred Dews. NATO Secretary-General: Russia's Annexation of Crimea Is Illegal and Illegitimate. Brookings. 2014-03-19 [2015-03-08].
- ↑ UN General Assembly adopts resolution affirming Ukraine's territorial integrity. China Central Television. 2014-03-28 [2015-03-08].
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 United Nations A/RES/68/262 General Assembly (PDF). United Nations. 2014-04-01 [2014-04-24].
- ↑ Situation of human rights in the Autonomous Republic of Crimea and the city of Sevastopol (Ukraine)[永久失效链接]
- ↑ General Assembly Adopts 50 Third Committee Resolutions, as Diverging Views on Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity Animate Voting. [2018-01-25].
- ↑ Лавров назвал оскорбительными заявления Запада об аннексии Крыма [Lavrov called Western declarations about the annexation of Crimea as being offensive]. vz.ru. 2014-03-21 [2015-03-08] (俄语).
- ↑ Boris N. Mamlyuk. The Ukraine Crisis, Cold War II, and International Law. The German Law Journal. 2015-07-06. SSRN 2627417 .
- ↑ Jess McHugh. Putin Eliminates Ministry of Crimea, Region Fully Integrated into Russia, Russian Leaders Say. International Business Times. 2015-07-15 [2016-01-10].