中世紀哲學：修订间差异

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[[File:Septem-artes-liberales Herrad-von-Landsberg Hortus-deliciarum 1180.jpg|缩略图|180px|Philosophy seated between the seven [[liberal arts]] – Picture from the [[Hortus deliciarum]] of [[Herrad von Landsberg]] (12th century)]]
[[File:Septem-artes-liberales Herrad-von-Landsberg Hortus-deliciarum 1180.jpg|缩略图|180px|Philosophy seated between the seven [[liberal arts]] – Picture from the [[Hortus deliciarum]] of [[Herrad von Landsberg]] (12th century)]]
'''中世纪哲学'''（Medieval Philosophy）是指[[中世纪]]的[[哲学]]相关发展，时间大约从5世纪[[西罗马帝国]]灭亡至14世纪[[文艺复兴]][[时代]]开始为止。中世纪哲学从8世纪时被[[巴格达]]视为獨立哲学议题，[[法国]][[查理大帝]]时代也相当重视哲学<ref>{{cite book|last=Pasnau|first=Robert|title=The Cambridge History of Medieval Philosophy|url=https://archive.org/details/cambridgehistory01pasn|year=2010|publisher=Cambridge University Press|location=Cambridge, UK|isbn=978-0-521-76216-8|page=[https://archive.org/details/cambridgehistory01pasn/page/n14 1]|chapter=Introduction}}</ref>。
'''中世紀哲學'''（Medieval Philosophy）是指[[中世紀]]的[[哲學]]相關發展，時間大約從5世紀[[西羅馬帝國]]滅亡至14世紀[[文藝復興]][[時代]]開始為止。中世紀哲學從8世紀時被[[巴格達]]視為獨立哲學議題，[[法国]][[查理大帝]]時代也相當重視哲學<ref>{{cite book|last=Pasnau|first=Robert|title=The Cambridge History of Medieval Philosophy||year=2010|publisher=Cambridge University Press|location=Cambridge, UK|isbn=978-0-521-76216-8|page=1|chapter=Introduction}}</ref>。


== 历史 ==
== 历史 ==
=== 早期：基督教哲学 ===
=== 早期：基督教哲学 ===
早期的基督教思想，特别是在爱国时期，倾向于直觉和神秘，不那么依赖[[理性]]和[[逻辑论证]]。它还强调[[柏拉图]]的[[神秘主义]]，而较少强调亚里士多德的系统思想。在此期间，西方尚未了解[[亚里士多德]]的作品。学者们只依靠[[波爱修斯]]将亚里士多德的作品译成拉丁语，并解释逻辑的著作，以及《{{le|导论 (波菲利)|Isagoge|导论}}》对[[亚里士多德]]注释的[[拉丁语]]翻译。
早期的基督教思想，特别是在爱国时期，倾向于直觉和神秘，不那么依赖[[理性]]和[[逻辑论证]]。它还强调[[柏拉图]]的[[神秘主义]]，而较少强调亚里士多德的系统思想。在此期间，西方尚未了解[[亚里士多德]]的作品。学者们只依靠[[波爱修斯]]将亚里士多德的作品译成拉丁语，並解释逻辑的著作，以及《{{le|导论 (波菲利)|Isagoge|导论}}》對[[亞里士多德]]注釋的[[拉丁语]]翻译。


=== 中期：亚里士多德、大学与托钵修会 ===
=== 中期：亚里士多德、大学与托钵修会 ===
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=== 伦理学 ===
=== 伦理学 ===




== 注释 ==
== 注释 ==
{{reflist}}
{{reflist}}

== 参考文献 ==
== 参考文献 ==
* The [http://www.ucl.ac.uk/philosophy/LPSG/ London Philosophy Study Guide] offers many suggestions on what to read, depending on the student's familiarity with the subject: [http://www.ucl.ac.uk/philosophy/LPSG/Medieval.htm Medieval Philosophy]
* The [http://www.ucl.ac.uk/philosophy/LPSG/ London Philosophy Study Guide] offers many suggestions on what to read, depending on the student's familiarity with the subject: [http://www.ucl.ac.uk/philosophy/LPSG/Medieval.htm Medieval Philosophy]
* Brentano, "The Distinction between Mental and Physical Phenomena", translated by D.B. Terrell, in ''Psychology from an Empirical Standpoint'', 1874.
* Brentano, "The Distinction between Mental and Physical Phenomena", translated by D.B. Terrell, in ''Psychology from an Empirical Standpoint'', 1874.
* Gallatin, H.K., [https://web.archive.org/web/20090201183302/http://users.sbuniv.edu/~hgallatin/ht34632e18.html#res ''Medieval Intellectual Life and Christianity'']
* Gallatin, H.K., [http://users.sbuniv.edu/~hgallatin/ht34632e18.html#res ''Medieval Intellectual Life and Christianity'']
* Gracia, J.G. and Noone, T.B., ''A Companion to Philosophy in the Middle Ages'', London 2003
* Gracia, J.G. and Noone, T.B., ''A Companion to Philosophy in the Middle Ages'', London 2003
* Hyman, J. and Walsh, J.J., ''Philosophy in the Middle Ages'', Indianapolis 1973
* Hyman, J. and Walsh, J.J., ''Philosophy in the Middle Ages'', Indianapolis 1973
* [[Norman Kretzmann|Kretzmann, N.]] and Stump, E., ''The Cambridge Companion to Augustine '', Cambridge 2000.
* [[Norman Kretzmann|Kretzmann, N.]] and Stump, E., ''The Cambridge Companion to Augustine '', Cambridge 2000.
* McGavin, J., [http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=DovTEDE3NZgC&pg=PA53&lpg=PA53&dq=%22boethian+period%22&source=web&ots=2cFkPEdowr&sig=gksOjZWhOgpBxqdYVFPGpYvQ2SM&hl=en ''Chaucer and Dissimilarity: Literary Comparisons in Chaucer''].
* McGavin, J., ''Chaucer and Dissimilarity: Literary Comparisons in Chaucer''.
* Maurer, Armand A. [1982]. ''Medieval Philosophy''. 2nd ed. Toronto: [[Pontifical Institute of Mediaeval Studies]].
* Maurer, Armand A. [1982]. ''Medieval Philosophy''. 2nd ed. Toronto: [[Pontifical Institute of Mediaeval Studies]].
* Russell, B., ''History of Western Philosophy'', Routledge 1996 (originally published 1946)
* Russell, B., ''History of Western Philosophy'', Routledge 1996 (originally published 1946)
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== 外部链接 ==
== 外部链接 ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20111011132901/http://epistemelinks.com/Main/Topics.aspx?TopiCode=Medi Medieval Philosophy section at EpistemeLinks]
* [http://epistemelinks.com/Main/Topics.aspx?TopiCode=Medi Medieval Philosophy section at EpistemeLinks]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20080719105814/http://www2.bc.edu/~solere/siepm.html Medieval Philosophy Electronic Resources]
* [http://www2.bc.edu/~solere/siepm.html Medieval Philosophy Electronic Resources]
* [http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/12025c.htm Article ''Philosophy'' at The Catholic Encyclopedia]
* [http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/12025c.htm Article ''Philosophy'' at The Catholic Encyclopedia]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20030301105108/http://radicalacademy.com/adiphiljewish1.htm Some medieval Jewish philosophers]
* [http://radicalacademy.com/adiphiljewish1.htm Some medieval Jewish philosophers]
* [http://jameshannam.com/medievalscience.htm Medieval Natural Philosophy and the Church] by James Hannam
* [http://jameshannam.com/medievalscience.htm Medieval Natural Philosophy and the Church] by James Hannam
* [https://archive.is/20130630101530/http://tcrnews2.com/vonbalthasarfathers.html The Fathers, the Scholastics, and Ourselves by von Balthasar]
* The Fathers, the Scholastics, and Ourselves by von Balthasar
* Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy:
* Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy:
** [http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/medieval-literary/ Literary forms of Medieval Philosophy]
** [http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/medieval-literary/ Literary forms of Medieval Philosophy]
取自“https://www.qiuwenbaike.cn/wiki/中世紀哲學”