伊芙琳·梅斯:修订间差异

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{{Infobox person
{{Infobox person
| name = 伊芙琳·梅斯<br/><small>Evelyn Mase</small>
| name = 伊芙琳·梅斯<br><small>Evelyn Mase</small>
| image = Mandela e Evelyn 1944.jpg
| image = Mandela e Evelyn 1944.jpg
| caption = 梅斯(右)和曼德拉(左)在1944年{{tsl|en|Walter Sisulu|華特·席蘇魯|華特}}和{{tsl|en|Albertina Sisulu|艾伯蒂娜·席蘇魯}}的婚禮上。
| caption = 梅斯(右)和曼德拉(左)在1944年{{tsl|en|Walter Sisulu|華特·席蘇魯|華特}}和{{tsl|en|Albertina Sisulu|艾伯蒂娜·席蘇魯}}的婚禮上。
| alt = A black and white photograph of a black man and a black woman, standing side by side. He is wearing a suit, she is wearing a white dress.
| alt = A black and white photograph of a black man and a black woman, standing side by side. He is wearing a suit, she is wearing a white dress.
| birth_name = 伊芙琳·恩托科·梅斯<br/>Evelyn Ntoko Mase
| birth_name = 伊芙琳·恩托科·梅斯<br>Evelyn Ntoko Mase
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1922|5|18}}
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1922|5|18}}
| birth_place = {{ZAF-1912}}[[開普省]][[恩格科波]]
| birth_place = {{ZAF-1912}}[[開普省]][[恩格科波]]
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| death_place = {{ZAF}}[[豪登省]][[索韋托]]
| death_place = {{ZAF}}[[豪登省]][[索韋托]]
| occupation =
| occupation =
| spouse = {{Marriage|[[纳尔逊·曼德拉]]|1944|1958|reason=離婚}}<br/>{{Marriage|西蒙·雷克皮雷|1998}}
| spouse = {{Marriage|[[纳尔逊·曼德拉]]|1944|1958|reason=離婚}}<br>{{Marriage|西蒙·雷克皮雷|1998}}
| children = {{Plain list|
| children = {{Plain list|
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== 與曼德拉的婚姻和生活 ==
== 與曼德拉的婚姻和生活 ==
[[File:The Nelson Mandela House.jpg|缩略图||在約翰內斯堡[[索韦托]]黑人居住區的{{tsl|en|Mandela House|曼德拉故居|曼德拉和梅斯故居}}|alt=a ground-floor, red-brick building with a corrugated iron roof]]
[[File:The Nelson Mandela House.jpg|thumb|right|在約翰內斯堡[[索韦托]]黑人居住區的{{tsl|en|Mandela House|曼德拉故居|曼德拉和梅斯故居}}|alt=a ground-floor, red-brick building with a corrugated iron roof]]
當席蘇魯夫婦搬到更大的房子後,他們將舊房子送給薩姆{{sfn|Smith|2010|p=59}}。伊芙琳和薩姆持續拜訪席蘇魯夫婦在奧蘭多西部7372號的新房子,並遇到他們的房客納爾遜·曼德拉{{sfnm|1a1=Mandela|1y=1994|1p=144|2a1=Lodge|2y=2006|2p=24|3a1=Smith|3y=2010|3p=59|4a1=Sampson|4y=2011|4p=36}},這時候他正在[[金山大學]]選修法律{{sfn|Meredith|2010|p=47}}。曼德拉在當時稱梅斯是「一個安靜、漂亮的鄉下姑娘」{{sfn|Mandela|1994|p=144}}。她之後告知{{tsl|en|Fatima Meer|法帝馬·邁爾}}說:「我覺得我對他一見鍾情。」{{sfn|Smith|2010|p=59}}而他們在幾天後開始談戀愛{{sfn|Sampson|2011|p=36}}。在幾個月內曼德拉便向梅斯求婚,這讓她哥哥和席蘇魯夫婦十分高興{{sfnm|1a1=Mandela|1y=1994|1p=144|2a1=Smith|2y=2010|2p=59|3a1=Meredith|3y=2010|3p=47|4a1=Sampson|4y=2011|4p=36}}。1944年10月5日,他們在约翰内斯堡的地方專員法院舉辦[[民事婚姻]]。婚禮上沒有傳統的科薩元素,他們也付不起婚宴{{sfnm|1a1=Mandela|1y=1994|1p=144|2a1=Smith|2y=2010|2p=59|3a1=Meredith|3y=2010|3pp=47-48|4a1=Sampson|4y=2011|4p=36}}。
當席蘇魯夫婦搬到更大的房子後,他們將舊房子送給薩姆{{sfn|Smith|2010|p=59}}。伊芙琳和薩姆持續拜訪席蘇魯夫婦在奧蘭多西部7372號的新房子,並遇到他們的房客納爾遜·曼德拉{{sfnm|1a1=Mandela|1y=1994|1p=144|2a1=Lodge|2y=2006|2p=24|3a1=Smith|3y=2010|3p=59|4a1=Sampson|4y=2011|4p=36}},這時候他正在[[金山大學]]選修法律{{sfn|Meredith|2010|p=47}}。曼德拉在當時稱梅斯是「一個安靜、漂亮的鄉下姑娘」{{sfn|Mandela|1994|p=144}}。她之後告知{{tsl|en|Fatima Meer|法帝馬·邁爾}}說:「我覺得我對他一見鍾情。」{{sfn|Smith|2010|p=59}}而他們在幾天後開始談戀愛{{sfn|Sampson|2011|p=36}}。在幾個月內曼德拉便向梅斯求婚,這讓她哥哥和席蘇魯夫婦十分高興{{sfnm|1a1=Mandela|1y=1994|1p=144|2a1=Smith|2y=2010|2p=59|3a1=Meredith|3y=2010|3p=47|4a1=Sampson|4y=2011|4p=36}}。1944年10月5日,他們在约翰内斯堡的地方專員法院舉辦[[民事婚姻]]。婚禮上沒有傳統的科薩元素,他們也付不起婚宴{{sfnm|1a1=Mandela|1y=1994|1p=144|2a1=Smith|2y=2010|2p=59|3a1=Meredith|3y=2010|3pp=47-48|4a1=Sampson|4y=2011|4p=36}}。


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== 離婚後 ==
== 離婚後 ==
[[File:Winnie Mandela.jpg|缩略图||納爾遜·曼德拉的第二任妻子溫妮(圖)表示儘管有傳言她和梅斯之間有隔閡,但其實他們兩人關係很融洽。|alt=a middle-aged black woman wearing bobbed hair, a white blazer, and a gold necklace.]]
[[File:Winnie Mandela.jpg|thumb|right|納爾遜·曼德拉的第二任妻子溫妮(圖)表示儘管有傳言她和梅斯之間有隔閡,但其實他們兩人關係很融洽。|alt=a middle-aged black woman wearing bobbed hair, a white blazer, and a gold necklace.]]
伊芙琳帶著小孩搬到[[東開普省]][[科菲姆法巴]]開了一家雜貨店{{sfnm|1a1=McGregor|1y=2004|2a1=Smith|2y=2010|2p=59|3a1=Meredith|3y=2010|3p=334}}。她靠當地政客和曼德拉的親戚{{tsl|en|Kaiser Matanzima|凱澤·馬坦齊馬}}的幫助下從白人老闆手中買下這間店{{sfn|Meredith|2010|p=334}}。梅斯受到她宗教價值觀念的影響用嚴厲的管理形式來扶養小孩,例如她禁止他們看電影{{sfn|Smith|2010|p=159}}。曼德拉於1962年8月拘捕後關押在約翰尼斯堡監獄。梅斯去探訪他,但遭到拒絕{{sfn|Smith|2010|p=152}}。梅斯兒子桑貝基勒成為[[走私酒類|私酒販]],並開了一家非法[[地下酒吧]]。梅斯雖然反對,但還是收下酒吧賺來的錢來供馬克賈托和馬卡茲維在[[史瓦帝尼]]上學{{sfn|Smith|2010|p=152}}。由於受種族隔離的限制,梅斯無法去孩子上學的地方{{sfn|McGregor|2004}}。1969年1月,桑貝基勒從德爾班回來的路上死於車禍,享年24歲。曼德拉在監獄裏嘗試寫信安慰梅斯{{sfnm|1a1=McGregor|1y=2004|2a1=Smith|2y=2010|2p=152}}。這是梅斯和曼德拉離婚以來第一次聯繫{{sfn|Smith|2010|pp=152-153}}。
伊芙琳帶著小孩搬到[[東開普省]][[科菲姆法巴]]開了一家雜貨店{{sfnm|1a1=McGregor|1y=2004|2a1=Smith|2y=2010|2p=59|3a1=Meredith|3y=2010|3p=334}}。她靠當地政客和曼德拉的親戚{{tsl|en|Kaiser Matanzima|凱澤·馬坦齊馬}}的幫助下從白人老闆手中買下這間店{{sfn|Meredith|2010|p=334}}。梅斯受到她宗教價值觀念的影響用嚴厲的管理形式來扶養小孩,例如她禁止他們看電影{{sfn|Smith|2010|p=159}}。曼德拉於1962年8月拘捕後關押在約翰尼斯堡監獄。梅斯去探訪他,但遭到拒絕{{sfn|Smith|2010|p=152}}。梅斯兒子桑貝基勒成為[[走私酒類|私酒販]],並開了一家非法[[地下酒吧]]。梅斯雖然反對,但還是收下酒吧賺來的錢來供馬克賈托和馬卡茲維在[[史瓦帝尼]]上學{{sfn|Smith|2010|p=152}}。由於受種族隔離的限制,梅斯無法去孩子上學的地方{{sfn|McGregor|2004}}。1969年1月,桑貝基勒從德爾班回來的路上死於車禍,享年24歲。曼德拉在監獄裏嘗試寫信安慰梅斯{{sfnm|1a1=McGregor|1y=2004|2a1=Smith|2y=2010|2p=152}}。這是梅斯和曼德拉離婚以來第一次聯繫{{sfn|Smith|2010|pp=152-153}}。


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== 參考資料 ==
== 參考資料 ==
=== 腳註 ===
=== 腳註 ===
{{Reflist|25em}}
{{reflist}}

=== 文獻 ===
=== 文獻 ===
{{Refbegin|33em}}
{{Refbegin|33em}}
* {{cite website |author=BBC News |date=2013-12-06 |title=Nelson Mandela death: The women who loved him |website=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-22114543 |accessdate=2020-05-13 |ref=harv}}
* {{cite website |author=BBC News |date=2013-12-06 |title=Nelson Mandela death: The women who loved him |website=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-22114543 |accessdate=2020-05-13 |ref=harv}}
* {{cite website |author=China Daily |date=2004-05-09 |title=Mandela attends first wife's funeral |website=China Daily |url=https://www.chinadaily.com.cn/english/doc/2004-05/09/content_328966.htm |accessdate=2020-01-29 |ref=harv}}
* {{cite website |author=China Daily |date=2004-05-09 |title=Mandela attends first wife's funeral |website=China Daily |url=https://www.chinadaily.com.cn/english/doc/2004-05/09/content_328966.htm |accessdate=2020-01-29 |ref=harv}}
* {{cite website |author=IOL |date=2004-05-08 |title=Madiba bids final farewell to his first wife |website=IOL |url=https://www.iol.co.za/news/south-africa/madiba-bids-final-farewell-to-his-first-wife-212332 |accessdate=2020-01-29 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6Ehkf7cVB?url=http://www.iol.co.za/news/south-africa/madiba-bids-final-farewell-to-his-first-wife-1.212332 |archivedate=25 February 2013 |dead-url=no|ref=harv}}
* {{cite website |author=IOL |date=2004-05-08 |title=Madiba bids final farewell to his first wife |website=IOL |url=https://www.iol.co.za/news/south-africa/madiba-bids-final-farewell-to-his-first-wife-212332 |accessdate=2020-01-29 ||||ref=harv}}
* {{cite book |title=Mandela: A Critical Life |last=Lodge |first=Tom |publisher=Oxford University Press |location=Oxford |year=2006 |isbn=978-0-19-921935-3 |ref=harv}}
* {{cite book |title=Mandela: A Critical Life |last=Lodge |first=Tom |publisher=Oxford University Press |location=Oxford |year=2006 |isbn=978-0-19-921935-3 |ref=harv}}
* {{Cite book|last=Mandela |first=Nelson |title=Long Walk to Freedom Volume I: 1918–1962 |year=1994 |publisher=Little, Brown and Company |location= |isbn=978-0754087236 |ref=harv}}
* {{Cite book|last=Mandela |first=Nelson |title=Long Walk to Freedom Volume I: 1918–1962 |year=1994 |publisher=Little, Brown and Company |location= |isbn=978-0754087236 |ref=harv}}
* {{Cite book |last=Meredith |first=Martin |title=Mandela: A Biography |publisher=PublicAffairs |location=New York |year=2010 |isbn=978-1586488321 |ref=harv |url=https://archive.org/details/mandelabiography0000mere }}
* {{Cite book |last=Meredith |first=Martin |title=Mandela: A Biography |publisher=PublicAffairs |location=New York |year=2010 |isbn=978-1586488321 |ref=harv |}}
* {{Cite web |title=Evelyn Rakeepile |first=Liz |last=McGregor |website=[[衛報|The Guardian]] |date=2004-05-05 |accessdate=2020-01-29 |url=https://www.theguardian.com/news/2004/may/05/guardianobituaries.southafrica |ref=harv}}
* {{Cite web |title=Evelyn Rakeepile |first=Liz |last=McGregor |website=[[衛報|The Guardian]] |date=2004-05-05 |accessdate=2020-01-29 |url=https://www.theguardian.com/news/2004/may/05/guardianobituaries.southafrica |ref=harv}}
* {{Cite book|last=Sampson |first=Anthony |title=Mandela: The Authorised Biography |publisher=HarperCollins |location=London |year=2011 |origyear=1999 |isbn=978-0007437979 |ref=harv}}
* {{Cite book|last=Sampson |first=Anthony |title=Mandela: The Authorised Biography |publisher=HarperCollins |location=London |year=2011 |origyear=1999 |isbn=978-0007437979 |ref=harv}}
* {{Cite book|last=Smith |first=David James |title=Young Mandela |url=https://archive.org/details/youngmandela0000smit |publisher=Weidenfeld & Nicolson |location=London |year=2010 |isbn=978-0297855248 |ref=harv}}
* {{Cite book|last=Smith |first=David James |title=Young Mandela ||publisher=Weidenfeld & Nicolson |location=London |year=2010 |isbn=978-0297855248 |ref=harv}}
{{refend}}
{{refend}}


{{納爾遜·曼德拉}}
{{納爾遜·曼德拉}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Mase, Evelyn}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Mase, Evelyn}}
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[[Category:南非护士]]
[[Category:南非护士]]
[[Category:科萨人]]
[[Category:科萨人]]