色诺芬尼：修订间差异 - 求闻百科，共笔求闻

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| notable_ideas = Religious views as human [[投射|projections]]<br>The [[始基|cosmic principles]] of water and earth<br>The [[信念|true belief]] and knowledge distinction

}}

[[File:Xenophanes in Thomas Stanley History of Philosophy.jpg|~~缩略图~~|右|17世纪版刻的色诺芬尼假象肖像。]]

[[File:Xenophanes in Thomas Stanley History of Philosophy.jpg|thumb|right|17世纪版刻的色诺芬尼假象肖像。]]

'''色诺芬尼'''，也译'''克塞诺芬尼'''（{{lang|en|Xenophanes of [[科洛封 (土耳其城市)|Colophon]]}}，{{IPAc-en|z|ə|ˈ|n|ɒ|f|ə|n|iː|z}}<ref>[http://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/xenophanes "Xenophanes"] entry in ''[[柯林斯英语词典|]]''.</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://cougar.eb.com/soundc11/bix/bixxen02.wav |title=Sound file |access-date=2020-02-29 ~~|||~~}}</ref>，{{lang-grc|Ξενοφάνης ὁ Κολοφώνιος}} {{IPA-el|ksenopʰánɛːs ho kolopʰɔ̌ːnios|}}，约前570 – 前475年）<ref>{{cite IEP |url-id=xenoph |title=Xenophanes}}</ref>是[[希腊]]的[[哲学家]]、[[神学|神学家]]、[[诗人]]，以及社会宗教[[评论家]]。色诺芬尼一生四处周游，25岁生下[[伊奥尼亚]]后的67年继续游遍整个希腊世界。<ref>Charles H. Khan [http://www.oxfordreference.com/views/ENTRY.html?subview=Main&entry=t10.e557 "Xenophanes" ''Who's Who in the Classical World'']. Ed. Simon Hornblower and Tony Spawforth. Oxford University Press, 2000. ''Oxford Reference Online''. Oxford University Press. 12 October 2011.</ref>有学者说，他短暂地在[[西西里岛]]居住。<ref name="yorku1">[http://oxfordreference.com/views/ENTRY.html?subview=Main&entry=t98.e3330 "Xenophanes of Colophon"] ''The Oxford Dictionary of Philosophy''. Simon Blackburn. Oxford University Press, 2008. ''Oxford Reference Online''. Oxford University Press. 12 October 2011.</ref>关于他观点的知识来自他留下的残篇，这些残篇都是在后来的古希腊语作品里发现的，因为有人引用了他的作品。单凭这些残篇，他的{{tsl|en|elegiac|哀悼的|}}和[[抑揚格|抑扬格的]]<ref>Early Greek philosophy By Jonathan Barnes Page 40 {{ISBN|0-14-044461-0}}</ref>诗作，批判和[[讽刺]]了许多人的观点，包括[[荷马]]和[[赫西俄德]]，还有对拟人之神的[[神系|巴特农]]的批判，对希腊人尊敬运动才能的批判等等。他是最早的呼吁清晰写作以为后代着想古希腊诗人，创造了“遍布希腊四处的名誉，希腊的歌声不绝，他的名誉不死。”<ref>See {{Citation | surname=Dalby | given=Andrew | title=Rediscovering Homer | publisher=Norton | place=New York, London | year=2006 | ISBN=0-393-05788-7 | | }} p. 123.</ref>

'''色诺芬尼'''，也译'''克塞诺芬尼'''（{{lang|en|Xenophanes of [[科洛封 (土耳其城市)|Colophon]]}}，{{IPAc-en|z|ə|ˈ|n|ɒ|f|ə|n|iː|z}}<ref>[http://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/xenophanes "Xenophanes"] entry in ''[[柯林斯英语词典|]]''.</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://cougar.eb.com/soundc11/bix/bixxen02.wav |title=Sound file |access-date=2020-02-29 }}</ref>，{{lang-grc|Ξενοφάνης ὁ Κολοφώνιος}} {{IPA-el|ksenopʰánɛːs ho kolopʰɔ̌ːnios|}}，约前570 – 前475年）<ref>{{cite IEP |url-id=xenoph |title=Xenophanes}}</ref>是[[希腊]]的[[哲学家]]、[[神学|神学家]]、[[诗人]]，以及社会宗教[[评论家]]。色诺芬尼一生四处周游，25岁生下[[伊奥尼亚]]后的67年继续游遍整个希腊世界。<ref>Charles H. Khan [http://www.oxfordreference.com/views/ENTRY.html?subview=Main&entry=t10.e557 "Xenophanes" ''Who's Who in the Classical World'']. Ed. Simon Hornblower and Tony Spawforth. Oxford University Press, 2000. ''Oxford Reference Online''. Oxford University Press. 12 October 2011.</ref>有学者说，他短暂地在[[西西里岛]]居住。<ref name="yorku1">[http://oxfordreference.com/views/ENTRY.html?subview=Main&entry=t98.e3330 "Xenophanes of Colophon"] ''The Oxford Dictionary of Philosophy''. Simon Blackburn. Oxford University Press, 2008. ''Oxford Reference Online''. Oxford University Press. 12 October 2011.</ref>关于他观点的知识来自他留下的残篇，这些残篇都是在后来的古希腊语作品里发现的，因为有人引用了他的作品。单凭这些残篇，他的{{tsl|en|elegiac|哀悼的|}}和[[抑揚格|抑扬格的]]<ref>Early Greek philosophy By Jonathan Barnes Page 40 {{ISBN|0-14-044461-0}}</ref>诗作，批判和[[讽刺]]了许多人的观点，包括[[荷马]]和[[赫西俄德]]，还有对拟人之神的[[神系|巴特农]]的批判，对希腊人尊敬运动才能的批判等等。他是最早的呼吁清晰写作以为后代着想古希腊诗人，创造了“遍布希腊四处的名誉，希腊的歌声不绝，他的名誉不死。”<ref>See {{Citation | surname=Dalby | given=Andrew | title=Rediscovering Homer | publisher=Norton | place=New York, London | year=2006 | ISBN=0-393-05788-7 | | }} p. 123.</ref>

== 生平 ==

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== 诗作 ==

根据[[第欧根尼·拉尔修]]，色诺芬尼用六音步诗行写的哀诗和抑扬诗，反对[[荷马]]和[[赫西俄德]]。<ref name="dl18"/>拉尔修也提到了两篇关于founding of Colophon and Elea的史诗，但是以上这些都仅存标题。<ref name="dl20"/>没有文献说色诺芬尼写了哲学诗作。<ref>[http://www.classicpersuasion.org/pw/burnet/egp.htm Early Greek Philosophy by John Burnet, 3rd edition (1920)] : "The oldest reference to a poem Περὶ φύσεως is in the Geneva scholium on ''Iliad'' xxi. 196 (quoting fr. 30), and this goes back to [[马鲁斯的克拉特斯|]]. We must remember that such titles are of later date, and Xenophanes had been given a place among philosophers long before the time of rates. All we can say, therefore, is that the Pergamene librarians gave the title Περὶ φύσεως to some poem of Xenophanes."</ref>[[新柏拉图主义]]哲学家[[西里西亚的辛普利修斯|辛普利修斯]]写道，他从来没有见过关于 the earth stretching infinitely downwards 的韵文(fr. 28)，尽管他有很多的哲学书籍。一些哲学残片可以从荷马的评论家作品里发现，<ref>Three fragments (27, 31, 33) come from the ''Homeric Allegories'', two (30, 32) are from Homeric scholia.</ref>因此也有可能色诺芬尼的哲学评论可能不经意间在他的讽刺作品里得到表达。<ref name="burnet">{{cite web |url=http://www.classicpersuasion.org/pw/burnet/egp.htm |title=Early Greek Philosophy by John Burnet, 3rd edition (1920) |publisher=Classicpersuasion.org |date= |accessdate=2013-09-14 ~~|||~~}}</ref>这些讽刺作品被之后的写作者叫做 ''{{tsl|en|Silloi||}}''，这个名字有机会可以追溯到色诺芬尼自己，但也有可能是[[斐利亚修斯的第蒙]]，所谓“silloi写作者”（前3世纪），把他自己的讽刺作品加在了色诺芬尼头上。<ref name="burnet"/>

根据[[第欧根尼·拉尔修]]，色诺芬尼用六音步诗行写的哀诗和抑扬诗，反对[[荷马]]和[[赫西俄德]]。<ref name="dl18"/>拉尔修也提到了两篇关于founding of Colophon and Elea的史诗，但是以上这些都仅存标题。<ref name="dl20"/>没有文献说色诺芬尼写了哲学诗作。<ref>[http://www.classicpersuasion.org/pw/burnet/egp.htm Early Greek Philosophy by John Burnet, 3rd edition (1920)] : "The oldest reference to a poem Περὶ φύσεως is in the Geneva scholium on ''Iliad'' xxi. 196 (quoting fr. 30), and this goes back to [[马鲁斯的克拉特斯|]]. We must remember that such titles are of later date, and Xenophanes had been given a place among philosophers long before the time of rates. All we can say, therefore, is that the Pergamene librarians gave the title Περὶ φύσεως to some poem of Xenophanes."</ref>[[新柏拉图主义]]哲学家[[西里西亚的辛普利修斯|辛普利修斯]]写道，他从来没有见过关于 the earth stretching infinitely downwards 的韵文(fr. 28)，尽管他有很多的哲学书籍。一些哲学残片可以从荷马的评论家作品里发现，<ref>Three fragments (27, 31, 33) come from the ''Homeric Allegories'', two (30, 32) are from Homeric scholia.</ref>因此也有可能色诺芬尼的哲学评论可能不经意间在他的讽刺作品里得到表达。<ref name="burnet">{{cite web |url=http://www.classicpersuasion.org/pw/burnet/egp.htm |title=Early Greek Philosophy by John Burnet, 3rd edition (1920) |publisher=Classicpersuasion.org |date= |accessdate=2013-09-14 }}</ref>这些讽刺作品被之后的写作者叫做 ''{{tsl|en|Silloi||}}''，这个名字有机会可以追溯到色诺芬尼自己，但也有可能是[[斐利亚修斯的第蒙]]，所谓“silloi写作者”（前3世纪），把他自己的讽刺作品加在了色诺芬尼头上。<ref name="burnet"/>

== 注释 ==

@@ 第13行： / 第13行： @@
 | notable_ideas    = Religious views as human [[投射|projections]]<br>The [[始基|cosmic principles]] of water and earth<br>The [[信念|true belief]] and knowledge distinction
 }}
-[[File:Xenophanes in Thomas Stanley History of Philosophy.jpg|缩略图|右|17世纪版刻的色诺芬尼假象肖像。]]
+[[File:Xenophanes in Thomas Stanley History of Philosophy.jpg|thumb|right|17世纪版刻的色诺芬尼假象肖像。]]
-'''色诺芬尼'''，也译'''克塞诺芬尼'''（{{lang|en|Xenophanes of [[科洛封 (土耳其城市)|Colophon]]}}，{{IPAc-en|z|ə|ˈ|n|ɒ|f|ə|n|iː|z}}<ref>[http://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/xenophanes "Xenophanes"] entry in ''[[柯林斯英语词典|]]''.</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://cougar.eb.com/soundc11/bix/bixxen02.wav |title=Sound file |access-date=2020-02-29 |||}}</ref>，{{lang-grc|Ξενοφάνης ὁ Κολοφώνιος}} {{IPA-el|ksenopʰánɛːs ho kolopʰɔ̌ːnios|}}，约前570 – 前475年）<ref>{{cite IEP |url-id=xenoph |title=Xenophanes}}</ref>是[[希腊]]的[[哲学家]]、[[神学|神学家]]、[[诗人]]，以及社会宗教[[评论家]]。色诺芬尼一生四处周游，25岁生下[[伊奥尼亚]]后的67年继续游遍整个希腊世界。<ref>Charles H. Khan [http://www.oxfordreference.com/views/ENTRY.html?subview=Main&entry=t10.e557 "Xenophanes" ''Who's Who in the Classical World'']. Ed. Simon Hornblower and Tony Spawforth. Oxford University Press, 2000. ''Oxford Reference Online''. Oxford University Press. 12 October 2011.</ref>有学者说，他短暂地在[[西西里岛]]居住。<ref name="yorku1">[http://oxfordreference.com/views/ENTRY.html?subview=Main&entry=t98.e3330 "Xenophanes of Colophon"] ''The Oxford Dictionary of Philosophy''. Simon Blackburn. Oxford University Press, 2008. ''Oxford Reference Online''. Oxford University Press. 12 October 2011.</ref>关于他观点的知识来自他留下的残篇，这些残篇都是在后来的古希腊语作品里发现的，因为有人引用了他的作品。单凭这些残篇，他的{{tsl|en|elegiac|哀悼的|}}和[[抑揚格|抑扬格的]]<ref>Early Greek philosophy By Jonathan Barnes Page 40 {{ISBN|0-14-044461-0}}</ref>诗作，批判和[[讽刺]]了许多人的观点，包括[[荷马]]和[[赫西俄德]]，还有对拟人之神的[[神系|巴特农]]的批判，对希腊人尊敬运动才能的批判等等。他是最早的呼吁清晰写作以为后代着想古希腊诗人，创造了“遍布希腊四处的名誉，希腊的歌声不绝，他的名誉不死。”<ref>See {{Citation | surname=Dalby | given=Andrew | title=Rediscovering Homer | publisher=Norton | place=New York, London | year=2006 | ISBN=0-393-05788-7 | | }} p. 123.</ref>
+'''色诺芬尼'''，也译'''克塞诺芬尼'''（{{lang|en|Xenophanes of [[科洛封 (土耳其城市)|Colophon]]}}，{{IPAc-en|z|ə|ˈ|n|ɒ|f|ə|n|iː|z}}<ref>[http://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/xenophanes "Xenophanes"] entry in ''[[柯林斯英语词典|]]''.</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://cougar.eb.com/soundc11/bix/bixxen02.wav |title=Sound file |access-date=2020-02-29 }}</ref>，{{lang-grc|Ξενοφάνης ὁ Κολοφώνιος}} {{IPA-el|ksenopʰánɛːs ho kolopʰɔ̌ːnios|}}，约前570 – 前475年）<ref>{{cite IEP |url-id=xenoph |title=Xenophanes}}</ref>是[[希腊]]的[[哲学家]]、[[神学|神学家]]、[[诗人]]，以及社会宗教[[评论家]]。色诺芬尼一生四处周游，25岁生下[[伊奥尼亚]]后的67年继续游遍整个希腊世界。<ref>Charles H. Khan [http://www.oxfordreference.com/views/ENTRY.html?subview=Main&entry=t10.e557 "Xenophanes" ''Who's Who in the Classical World'']. Ed. Simon Hornblower and Tony Spawforth. Oxford University Press, 2000. ''Oxford Reference Online''. Oxford University Press. 12 October 2011.</ref>有学者说，他短暂地在[[西西里岛]]居住。<ref name="yorku1">[http://oxfordreference.com/views/ENTRY.html?subview=Main&entry=t98.e3330 "Xenophanes of Colophon"] ''The Oxford Dictionary of Philosophy''. Simon Blackburn. Oxford University Press, 2008. ''Oxford Reference Online''. Oxford University Press. 12 October 2011.</ref>关于他观点的知识来自他留下的残篇，这些残篇都是在后来的古希腊语作品里发现的，因为有人引用了他的作品。单凭这些残篇，他的{{tsl|en|elegiac|哀悼的|}}和[[抑揚格|抑扬格的]]<ref>Early Greek philosophy By Jonathan Barnes Page 40 {{ISBN|0-14-044461-0}}</ref>诗作，批判和[[讽刺]]了许多人的观点，包括[[荷马]]和[[赫西俄德]]，还有对拟人之神的[[神系|巴特农]]的批判，对希腊人尊敬运动才能的批判等等。他是最早的呼吁清晰写作以为后代着想古希腊诗人，创造了“遍布希腊四处的名誉，希腊的歌声不绝，他的名誉不死。”<ref>See {{Citation | surname=Dalby | given=Andrew | title=Rediscovering Homer | publisher=Norton | place=New York, London | year=2006 | ISBN=0-393-05788-7 | | }} p. 123.</ref>
 == 生平 ==
@@ 第23行： / 第23行： @@
 == 诗作 ==
-根据[[第欧根尼·拉尔修]]，色诺芬尼用六音步诗行写的哀诗和抑扬诗，反对[[荷马]]和[[赫西俄德]]。<ref name="dl18"/>拉尔修也提到了两篇关于founding of Colophon and Elea的史诗，但是以上这些都仅存标题。<ref name="dl20"/>没有文献说色诺芬尼写了哲学诗作。<ref>[http://www.classicpersuasion.org/pw/burnet/egp.htm Early Greek Philosophy by John Burnet, 3rd edition (1920)] : "The oldest reference to a poem Περὶ φύσεως is in the Geneva scholium on ''Iliad'' xxi. 196 (quoting fr. 30), and this goes back to [[马鲁斯的克拉特斯|]]. We must remember that such titles are of later date, and Xenophanes had been given a place among philosophers long before the time of rates. All we can say, therefore, is that the Pergamene librarians gave the title Περὶ φύσεως to some poem of Xenophanes."</ref>[[新柏拉图主义]]哲学家[[西里西亚的辛普利修斯|辛普利修斯]]写道，他从来没有见过关于 the earth stretching infinitely downwards 的韵文(fr. 28)，尽管他有很多的哲学书籍。一些哲学残片可以从荷马的评论家作品里发现，<ref>Three fragments (27, 31, 33) come from the ''Homeric Allegories'', two (30, 32) are from Homeric scholia.</ref>因此也有可能色诺芬尼的哲学评论可能不经意间在他的讽刺作品里得到表达。<ref name="burnet">{{cite web |url=http://www.classicpersuasion.org/pw/burnet/egp.htm |title=Early Greek Philosophy by John Burnet, 3rd edition (1920) |publisher=Classicpersuasion.org |date= |accessdate=2013-09-14 |||}}</ref>这些讽刺作品被之后的写作者叫做 ''{{tsl|en|Silloi||}}''，这个名字有机会可以追溯到色诺芬尼自己，但也有可能是[[斐利亚修斯的第蒙]]，所谓“silloi写作者”（前3世纪），把他自己的讽刺作品加在了色诺芬尼头上。<ref name="burnet"/>
+根据[[第欧根尼·拉尔修]]，色诺芬尼用六音步诗行写的哀诗和抑扬诗，反对[[荷马]]和[[赫西俄德]]。<ref name="dl18"/>拉尔修也提到了两篇关于founding of Colophon and Elea的史诗，但是以上这些都仅存标题。<ref name="dl20"/>没有文献说色诺芬尼写了哲学诗作。<ref>[http://www.classicpersuasion.org/pw/burnet/egp.htm Early Greek Philosophy by John Burnet, 3rd edition (1920)] : "The oldest reference to a poem Περὶ φύσεως is in the Geneva scholium on ''Iliad'' xxi. 196 (quoting fr. 30), and this goes back to [[马鲁斯的克拉特斯|]]. We must remember that such titles are of later date, and Xenophanes had been given a place among philosophers long before the time of rates. All we can say, therefore, is that the Pergamene librarians gave the title Περὶ φύσεως to some poem of Xenophanes."</ref>[[新柏拉图主义]]哲学家[[西里西亚的辛普利修斯|辛普利修斯]]写道，他从来没有见过关于 the earth stretching infinitely downwards 的韵文(fr. 28)，尽管他有很多的哲学书籍。一些哲学残片可以从荷马的评论家作品里发现，<ref>Three fragments (27, 31, 33) come from the ''Homeric Allegories'', two (30, 32) are from Homeric scholia.</ref>因此也有可能色诺芬尼的哲学评论可能不经意间在他的讽刺作品里得到表达。<ref name="burnet">{{cite web |url=http://www.classicpersuasion.org/pw/burnet/egp.htm |title=Early Greek Philosophy by John Burnet, 3rd edition (1920) |publisher=Classicpersuasion.org |date= |accessdate=2013-09-14 }}</ref>这些讽刺作品被之后的写作者叫做 ''{{tsl|en|Silloi||}}''，这个名字有机会可以追溯到色诺芬尼自己，但也有可能是[[斐利亚修斯的第蒙]]，所谓“silloi写作者”（前3世纪），把他自己的讽刺作品加在了色诺芬尼头上。<ref name="burnet"/>
 == 注释 ==