PTEN（基因）：修订间差异

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 '''磷酸酯酶与张力蛋白同源物'''（{{lang-en|Phosphatase and tensin homolog}}，简称为'''PTEN'''）是一种在人体中由''PTEN''[[基因]]编码的[[蛋白质]]<ref name="pmid9090379">{{Cite journal| author = Steck PA, Pershouse MA, Jasser SA, Yung WK, Lin H, Ligon AH, Langford LA, Baumgard ML, Hattier T, Davis T, Frye C, Hu R, Swedlund B, Teng DH, Tavtigian SV | title = Identification of a candidate tumour suppressor gene, MMAC1, at chromosome 10q23.3 that is mutated in multiple advanced cancers | journal = Nat. Genet. | volume = 15 | issue = 4 | pages = 356–62 | pmid = 9090379 | doi = 10.1038/ng0497-356 | url =  |date=April 1997}}</ref>。该基因的突变是多种[[癌症]]进展过程的环节之一。
-''PTEN''通过其[[磷酸酯酶]]蛋白产物而行使一种[[抑癌基因]]的作用。这一磷酸酯酶参与了[[细胞周期]]的调节，阻止细胞过快地生长与分裂<ref name="pmid15448614">{{Cite journal | author = Chu EC, Tarnawski AS | title = PTEN regulatory functions in tumor suppression and cell biology | journal = Med. Sci. Monit. | volume = 10 | issue = 10 | pages = RA235–41 | pmid = 15448614 | doi =  | url = http://www.medscimonit.com/fulltxt.php?ICID=11797 | date = October 2004 | access-date = 2013-05-25 | | | }}</ref>。其为[[癌微RNA]][[MIRN21]]的靶之一。
+''PTEN''通过其[[磷酸酯酶]]蛋白产物而行使一种[[抑癌基因]]的作用。这一磷酸酯酶参与了[[細胞週期|细胞周期]]的调节，阻止细胞过快地生长与分裂<ref name="pmid15448614">{{Cite journal | author = Chu EC, Tarnawski AS | title = PTEN regulatory functions in tumor suppression and cell biology | journal = Med. Sci. Monit. | volume = 10 | issue = 10 | pages = RA235–41 | pmid = 15448614 | doi =  | url = http://www.medscimonit.com/fulltxt.php?ICID=11797 | date = October 2004 | access-date = 2013-05-25 | | | }}</ref>。其为[[癌微RNA]][[MIRN21]]的靶之一。
 该基因被鉴定为一种肿瘤抑制物，在多种癌症中往往处于变异状态。该基因编码的蛋白质是一种磷脂酰肌醇-3,4,5-三磷酸3-磷酸酯酶。该蛋白同时含有一[[TNS1|张力蛋白]]样结构域及一催化结构域，这与双特异性[[蛋白酪氨酸磷酸酶]]很相似。但与大部分蛋白质酪氨酸磷酸酶不同的是，该蛋白偏好脱去[[磷酸肌醇]]底物上的磷酸。该蛋白负性调控胞内[[磷脂酰肌醇(3,4,5)-三磷酸|磷脂酰肌醇-3,4,5-三磷酸]]的水平，并通过负性调控[[Akt/PKB信号通道]]发挥抑癌基因的作用<ref>{{Cite web| title = Entrez Gene: PTEN phosphatase and tensin homolog (mutated in multiple advanced cancers 1)| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=5728| accessdate = | | | }}</ref>。