诺贝尔物理学奖：修订间差异

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=== 獎牌 ===
=== 獎牌 ===
自1902年起，諾貝爾獎獎牌都在瑞典皇家造幣廠（{{lang-sv|Myntverket}}）<ref>{{cite web | title = Medalj – ett traditionellt hantverk | publisher = Myntverket | url = http://www.myntverket.se/products.asp?lang=sv&page=3 | language = sv | accessdate = 2007-12-15 | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20071218102934/http://www.myntverket.se/products.asp?lang=sv&page=3 | archivedate = 2007-12-18 | dead-url = yes }}</ref>和挪威造幣廠製造，屬於諾貝爾基金會的註冊商標。每枚獎牌的正面都印有[[阿爾弗雷德·諾貝爾]]的左側頭像和以[[羅馬數字]]寫出的生卒年份（1833-1896），設計與諾貝爾化學獎、生理學或醫學獎及文學獎相同，但與和平獎及經濟學獎有些許不同。<ref name=PaulingPeacePrize>[http://digitalcollections.library.oregonstate.edu/cdm4/item_viewer.php?CISOROOT=/pawardsmedals&CISOPTR=47 "The Nobel Prize for Peace"] {{Wayback|url=http://digitalcollections.library.oregonstate.edu/cdm4/item_viewer.php?CISOROOT=%2Fpawardsmedals&CISOPTR=47 |date=20090916090914 }}, "Linus Pauling: Awards, Honors, and Medals", ''Linus Pauling and The Nature of the Chemical Bond: A Documentary History'', the Valley Library, [[俄勒岡州立大學|Oregon State University]]. Retrieved 2007-12-07.</ref><ref name="thenobelmedals">{{cite web | url=https://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/about/medals/ | title=The Medals | accessdate=2015-05-04 | archive-date=2015-05-06 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150506215335/http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/about/medals/ | dead-url=no }}</ref>獎牌反面有兩個女神，右邊的是知識女神，她揭開了站在左邊的自然女神的面紗。這與化學獎獎牌相同，都是在1902年由雕刻師{{tsl|en|Erik Lindberg|埃里克·林德貝里}}設計。<ref name="Nobel Prize for Physics and Chemistry">[https://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/chemistry/medal.html] {{Wayback|url=https://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/chemistry/medal.html |date=20170726103533 }} The Nobel Prize for Physics and Chemistry.</ref>
自1902年起，諾貝爾獎獎牌都在瑞典皇家造幣廠（{{lang-sv|Myntverket}}）<ref>{{cite web | title = Medalj – ett traditionellt hantverk | publisher = Myntverket | url = http://www.myntverket.se/products.asp?lang=sv&page=3 | language = sv | accessdate = 2007-12-15 | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20071218102934/http://www.myntverket.se/products.asp?lang=sv&page=3 | archivedate = 2007-12-18 | dead-url = yes }}</ref>和挪威造幣廠製造，屬於諾貝爾基金會的註冊商標。每枚獎牌的正面都印有[[阿爾弗雷德·諾貝爾]]的左側頭像和以[[羅馬數字]]寫出的生卒年份（1833-1896），設計與諾貝爾化學獎、生理學或醫學獎及文學獎相同，但與和平獎及經濟學獎有些許不同。<ref name=PaulingPeacePrize>[http://digitalcollections.library.oregonstate.edu/cdm4/item_viewer.php?CISOROOT=/pawardsmedals&CISOPTR=47 "The Nobel Prize for Peace"] , "Linus Pauling: Awards, Honors, and Medals", ''Linus Pauling and The Nature of the Chemical Bond: A Documentary History'', the Valley Library, [[俄勒岡州立大學|Oregon State University]]. Retrieved 2007-12-07.</ref><ref name="thenobelmedals">{{cite web | url=https://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/about/medals/ | title=The Medals | accessdate=2015-05-04 | archive-date=2015-05-06 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150506215335/http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/about/medals/ | dead-url=no }}</ref>獎牌反面有兩個女神，右邊的是知識女神，她揭開了站在左邊的自然女神的面紗。這與化學獎獎牌相同，都是在1902年由雕刻師{{tsl|en|Erik Lindberg|埃里克·林德貝里}}設計。<ref name="Nobel Prize for Physics and Chemistry">[https://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/chemistry/medal.html] The Nobel Prize for Physics and Chemistry.</ref>


=== 證書 ===
=== 證書 ===
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{{refbegin}}
{{refbegin}}
* Friedman, Robert Marc (2001). ''The Politics of Excellence: Behind the Nobel Prize in Science''. New York & Stuttgart: [[霍尔茨布林克出版集团|VHPS]] (Times Books). {{ISBN|0-7167-3103-7}}, {{ISBN|978-0-7167-3103-0}}.
* Friedman, Robert Marc (2001). ''The Politics of Excellence: Behind the Nobel Prize in Science''. New York & Stuttgart: [[霍尔茨布林克出版集团|VHPS]] (Times Books). {{ISBN|0-7167-3103-7}}, {{ISBN|978-0-7167-3103-0}}.
* Hillebrand, Claus D. (2002). [http://www.readcube.com/articles/10.1179%2F030801802225003150 "Nobel Century: A Biographical Analysis of Physics Laureates"]{{Wayback|url=http://www.readcube.com/articles/10.1179%2F030801802225003150 |date=20170713092025 }}. ''Interdisciplinary Science Reviews'' 27.2: 87-93.
* Hillebrand, Claus D. (2002). [http://www.readcube.com/articles/10.1179%2F030801802225003150 "Nobel Century: A Biographical Analysis of Physics Laureates"]. ''Interdisciplinary Science Reviews'' 27.2: 87-93.
* Schmidhuber, Jürgen (2010). [http://arxiv.org/abs/1009.2634 20世紀諾貝爾獎份額趨勢（1901至2009年）]{{Wayback|url=http://arxiv.org/abs/1009.2634 |date=20160415163358 }}，[http://www.idsia.ch/~juergen/phys.html 依得主得獎時的國籍]{{Wayback|url=http://www.idsia.ch/~juergen/phys.html |date=20140617082702 }}，[http://www.idsia.ch/~juergen/physnat.html 依得主的出生國]{{Wayback|url=http://www.idsia.ch/~juergen/physnat.html |date=20140617082708 }}
* Schmidhuber, Jürgen (2010). [http://arxiv.org/abs/1009.2634 20世紀諾貝爾獎份額趨勢（1901至2009年）]，[http://www.idsia.ch/~juergen/phys.html 依得主得獎時的國籍]，[http://www.idsia.ch/~juergen/physnat.html 依得主的出生國]
* Lemmel, Birgitta. [https://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/ "The Nobel Prize Medals and the Medal for the Prize in Economics"]{{Wayback|url=https://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/ |date=20180815045159 }}. ''nobelprize.org''.（諾貝爾獎獎牌的設計歷史）
* Lemmel, Birgitta. [https://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/ "The Nobel Prize Medals and the Medal for the Prize in Economics"]. ''nobelprize.org''.（諾貝爾獎獎牌的設計歷史）
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== 外部連結 ==
== 外部連結 ==
* [https://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/ All Nobel Laureates in Physics]{{Wayback|url=https://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/ |date=20180725000531 }}，諾貝爾基金會官方網站上的諾貝爾物理學獎得主名單 {{en icon}}
* [https://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/ All Nobel Laureates in Physics]，諾貝爾基金會官方網站上的諾貝爾物理學獎得主名單 {{en icon}}
* [https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/ The Nobel Prize Medal for Physics]{{Wayback|url=https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/ |date=20170716113205 }}，諾貝爾物理學獎官方網站 {{en icon}}
* [https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/ The Nobel Prize Medal for Physics]，諾貝爾物理學獎官方網站 {{en icon}}


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