朝鲜语:修订间差异

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=== 阿爾泰超语系假說 ===
=== 阿爾泰超语系假說 ===
最早由芬蘭語言學家古斯塔夫·約翰·蘭司鐵(Gustaf John Ramstedt)和蘇聯語言學家葉夫根尼·波利瓦諾夫(Yevgeny Polivanov)於1920年代共同提出<ref name=rams>Gustaf John Ramstedt (1952): ''Einführung in die altaische Sprachwissenschaft'' ("Introduction to Altaic Linguistics"). Volume I, ''Lautlehre'' ("Phonology").</ref>。主要理據為韓語和其他被歸類為阿爾泰語系的語言一樣都是有元音和諧律的SOV黏着語。這個假說現在已被大多數比較語言學家否定,理由是韓語欠缺人稱後綴,與其他語言之間亦無同源詞,而元音和諧律、SOV語序和黏着語更是廣泛存在於世界各大語系中<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Georg, Stefan; Michalove, Peter A.; Ramer, Alexis Manaster; Sidwell, Paul J |title="Telling general linguists about Altaic" |journal=Journal of Linguistics |issue=35 |page=65-98 |doi=10.1017/S0022226798007312}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Campbell|first=Lyle|title=Glossary of Historical Linguistics||publisher=Edinburgh University Press|year=2007|isbn=978-0-7486-3019-6|pages=[https://archive.org/details/glossaryhistoric00camp_191/page/n13 7]|quote=While 'Altaic' is repeated in encyclopedias and handbooks most specialists in these languages no longer believe that the three traditional supposed Altaic groups ... are related. In spite of this, Altaic does have a few dedicated followers.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Starostin|first=George|date=2016|title=Altaic Languages|url=https://oxfordre.com/linguistics/view/10.1093/acrefore/9780199384655.001.0001/acrefore-9780199384655-e-35|website=Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Linguistics|doi=10.1093/acrefore/9780199384655.013.35|isbn=9780199384655|quote=Despite the validity of many of these objections, it remains unclear whether they are sufficient to completely discredit the hypothesis of a genetic connection between the various branches of “Altaic,” which continues to be actively supported by a small, but stable scholarly minority.|access-date=2021-06-22|||}}</ref>。
最早由芬蘭語言學家古斯塔夫·約翰·蘭司鐵(Gustaf John Ramstedt)和蘇聯語言學家葉夫根尼·波利瓦諾夫(Yevgeny Polivanov)於1920年代共同提出<ref name=rams>Gustaf John Ramstedt (1952): ''Einführung in die altaische Sprachwissenschaft'' ("Introduction to Altaic Linguistics"). Volume I, ''Lautlehre'' ("Phonology").</ref>。主要理據為韓語和其他被歸類為阿爾泰語系的語言一樣都是有元音和諧律的SOV黏着語。這個假說現在已被大多數比較語言學家否定,理由是韓語欠缺人稱後綴,與其他語言之間亦無同源詞,而元音和諧律、SOV語序和黏着語更是廣泛存在於世界各大語系中<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Georg, Stefan; Michalove, Peter A.; Ramer, Alexis Manaster; Sidwell, Paul J |title="Telling general linguists about Altaic" |journal=Journal of Linguistics |issue=35 |page=65-98 |doi=10.1017/S0022226798007312}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Campbell|first=Lyle|title=Glossary of Historical Linguistics||publisher=Edinburgh University Press|year=2007|isbn=978-0-7486-3019-6|pages=7|quote=While 'Altaic' is repeated in encyclopedias and handbooks most specialists in these languages no longer believe that the three traditional supposed Altaic groups ... are related. In spite of this, Altaic does have a few dedicated followers.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Starostin|first=George|date=2016|title=Altaic Languages|url=https://oxfordre.com/linguistics/view/10.1093/acrefore/9780199384655.001.0001/acrefore-9780199384655-e-35|website=Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Linguistics|doi=10.1093/acrefore/9780199384655.013.35|isbn=9780199384655|quote=Despite the validity of many of these objections, it remains unclear whether they are sufficient to completely discredit the hypothesis of a genetic connection between the various branches of “Altaic,” which continues to be actively supported by a small, but stable scholarly minority.|access-date=2021-06-22|||}}</ref>。


=== 古西伯利亞語言假說 ===
=== 古西伯利亞語言假說 ===