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{{Starbox begin |
{{Starbox begin |
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| name= |
| name=贯索四(北冕座α) |
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{{Starbox image |
{{Starbox image |
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| image= |
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{{Location mark |
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|image=Corona Borealis constellation map.svg|alt=|float=center|width=280 |
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|label=|position=right |
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|mark=Red circle.svg|mark_width=14|mark_link=Alpha Coronae Borealis|x=615|y=625 |
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{{Starbox observe |
{{Starbox observe |
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| bibcode=1966CoLPL...4...99J }}</ref> |
| bibcode=1966CoLPL...4...99J }}</ref> |
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| u-b=–0.03<ref name="clpl4" /> |
| u-b=–0.03<ref name="clpl4" /> |
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| variable=[[食 |
| variable=[[食双星]]<ref name=gcvs/> |
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}} |
}} |
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{{Starbox astrometry |
{{Starbox astrometry |
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| reference=<ref name="aaa403" /> |
| reference=<ref name="aaa403" /> |
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| period_unitless=17.3599 d |
| period_unitless=17.3599 d |
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| axis_unitless=0.2 [[天文 |
| axis_unitless=0.2 [[天文单位|AU]]<br/>({{nowrap|2.981 × 10<sup>12</sup> cm}}) |
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| eccentricity=0.370 |
| eccentricity=0.370 |
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| inclination={{nowrap|88.2 ± 0.1}} |
| inclination={{nowrap|88.2 ± 0.1}} |
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}} |
}} |
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{{Starbox catalog |
{{Starbox catalog |
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| names=Gemma、Alphekka、Alphecca、Gnosia、Ashtaroth、The Jewel、''Gnosia Stella Coronae''、5 CrB、[[波昂星表|BD]] +27°2512、[[星表# |
| names=Gemma、Alphekka、Alphecca、Gnosia、Ashtaroth、The Jewel、''Gnosia Stella Coronae''、5 CrB、[[波昂星表|BD]] +27°2512、[[星表#视差星表 (GCTP)|GCTP]] 3519.00、[[基本星表|FK5]] 578、[[HD星表|HD]] 139006、[[依巴谷星表|HIP]] 76267、[[亮星星表|HR]] 5793、[[SAO星表|SAO]] 83893。 |
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}} |
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{{Starbox reference |
{{Starbox reference |
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{{Starbox end}} |
{{Starbox end}} |
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''' |
'''贯索四'''('''北冕座α''',英文缩写为'''Alpha CrB'''或'''α CrB'''),官方的名称为'''Alphecca''' {{IPAc-en|æ|l|'|f|E|k|@}}<ref name="IAU-CSN">{{cite web | url=http://www.pas.rochester.edu/~emamajek/WGSN/IAU-CSN.txt | title=IAU Catalog of Star Names | accessdate=28 July 2016 }}</ref>。它是位于[[北冕座]]的一颗[[食双星]],与[[太阳]]的距离大约75[[光年]]。系统中的两颗恒星仍都是主序星,分别为[[恒星光谱#摩根-肯那光谱分类法|A型]]和[[恒星光谱#摩根-肯那光谱分类法|G型]]。 |
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== 性 |
== 性质 == |
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[[File:CoronaBorealisCC.jpg| |
[[File:CoronaBorealisCC.jpg|thumb|left|贯索四是[[北冕座]]中最亮的恒星。]] |
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贯索四是[[联星系统]],两颗恒星以17.36天周期在[[轨道离心率|橢圆轨道]]中互相围绕。由于这个轨道的平面以88.2度的角度向地球的视线方向傾斜<ref name="aaa403">{{cite journal |
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| author=Güdel, M. |
| author=Güdel, M. |
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| author2=Arzner, K. |
| author2=Arzner, K. |
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| doi=10.1051/0004-6361:20030257 |
| doi=10.1051/0004-6361:20030257 |
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| bibcode=2003A&A...403..155G | doi-access=free |
| bibcode=2003A&A...403..155G | doi-access=free |
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}}</ref>,形成一 |
}}</ref>,形成一个类似[[大陵五]](英仙座β)的独立食双星系统。周期性的食导致视星等在 +2.21至 +2.32等之间变化,但这个变化幅度肉眼几乎感觉不到。 |
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主要的成 |
主要的成员是质量为太阳2.6倍,光谱类型[[恒星光谱|A0V]]的白色[[主序星]]。估计这颗恒星的半径范围在[[太阳半径]]的2.89至3.04之间<ref name="aj91" /><ref name="aaa403" />。[[IRAS]]在24μm和70μm检测到[[红外过量]]<ref>{{cite journal |
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| author=Su, K. Y. L. |date=December 2006 |
| author=Su, K. Y. L. |date=December 2006 |
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| title=Debris Disk Evolution around A Stars |
| title=Debris Disk Evolution around A Stars |
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| journal=The Astrophysical Journal | volume=653 |
| journal=The Astrophysical Journal | volume=653 |
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| issue=1 | pages=675–689 |
| issue=1 | pages=675–689 |
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| doi=10.1086/508649 | bibcode=2006ApJ...653..675S |arxiv = astro-ph/0608563 |display-authors=etal}}</ref>。 |
| doi=10.1086/508649 | bibcode=2006ApJ...653..675S |arxiv = astro-ph/0608563 |display-authors=etal}}</ref>。这表示在贯索四周围存在著一堆[[尘埃]]和物质,因而引发存在行星或原行星的猜测,或许有类似[[织女星]]周围目前假设的行星或原行星系统。这个圆盘延伸至60[[天文单位]]<ref name="Pawellek 2014">{{cite journal|display-authors=6|author=Pawellek, Nicole|author2=Krivov, Alexander V.|author3=Marshall, Jonathan P.|author4=Montesinos, Benjamin|author5=Ábrahám, Péter|author6=Moór, Attila|author7=Bryden, Geoffrey|author8=Eiroa, Carlos|date=2014|title=Disk Radii and Grain Sizes in Herschel-resolved Debris Disks|journal=The Astrophysical Journal|volume=792|issue=1|id=65|pages=19|bibcode=2014ApJ...792...65P | doi=10.1088/0004-637X/792/1/65|arxiv = 1407.4579 }}</ref>。 |
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第二 |
第二个成员是一颗黃色的主序星,估计恒星光谱类型为G5,质量是太阳的0.92倍,半径是太阳的0.90倍。这颗恒星的[[X射线]]光度为{{nowrap|6 × 10<sup>28</sup> [[erg]] s<sup>−1</sup>}},是太阳活动峰值水平的30倍。对于这种类型的年轻恒星来说,如此高水平的活动是預料之中的。[[日冕|星冕]]的温度约为500万K,比太阳的日冕热得多。赤道转速的上限是14公里/秒,相当于3天自转一圈,但更可能的情況是7-9天自转一圈<ref name="aj91">{{cite journal |
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| author=Tomkin, J. |
| author=Tomkin, J. |
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| author2=Popper, D. M. |date=June 1986 |
| author2=Popper, D. M. |date=June 1986 |
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}}</ref><ref name="aaa403" />。 |
}}</ref><ref name="aaa403" />。 |
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这个恒星系统的[[恒星运动学#空间速度|空间速度]]分量是U ={{nowrap| +14.257}},V ={{nowrap| +0.915}},和W ={{nowrap| +3.147 km/s}}。贯索四因为与[[大熊座移动星群]]的成员有共通的空间运动速度,所以被认为是该星群的成员<ref>{{cite journal |
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| author=King, Jeremy R. |
| author=King, Jeremy R. |
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| author2=Villarreal, Adam R. |
| author2=Villarreal, Adam R. |
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| author5=Adelman, Saul J. |
| author5=Adelman, Saul J. |
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| title=Stellar Kinematic Groups. II. A Reexamination of the Membership, Activity, and Age of the Ursa Major Group |
| title=Stellar Kinematic Groups. II. A Reexamination of the Membership, Activity, and Age of the Ursa Major Group |
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| |
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| url=https://archive.org/details/sim_astronomical-journal_2003-04_125_4/page/1980 |
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| journal=The Astronomical Journal | volume=125 |
| journal=The Astronomical Journal | volume=125 |
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| issue=4 | pages=1980–2017 |date=April 2003 |
| issue=4 | pages=1980–2017 |date=April 2003 |
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}}</ref>。 |
}}</ref>。 |
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== 名 |
== 名称 == |
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英 |
英语中的''Gemma''在[[拉丁语]]中意为“珠宝”。另一英语传统命名来自于[[阿拉伯语]]中的''al-fakkah'',也就是“破碎的(星星的环)”,'''فكّ'''(''fakk'',“未封好”)。[[占星术]]裏,贯索四是[[伯利恒之星]]之一,代表符号是[[File:Agrippa1531 Elpheia.png]]。 |
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== |
== 参考资料 == |
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{{reflist|refs= |
{{reflist|refs= |
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<ref name=wgsn>{{cite web|url=https://www.iau.org/public/themes/naming_stars/|title=Naming Stars|publisher=[[International Astronomical Union]]|accessdate=2018-11-02 |
<ref name=wgsn>{{cite web|url=https://www.iau.org/public/themes/naming_stars/|title=Naming Stars|publisher=[[International Astronomical Union]]|accessdate=2018-11-02}}</ref> |
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<ref name="van Leeuwen2007">{{cite journal | title=Validation of the new Hipparcos reduction | url=http://www.aanda.org/index.php?option=com_article&access=bibcode&Itemid=129&bibcode=2007A%2526A...474..653VFUL | last1=van Leeuwen | first1=F. | journal=Astronomy and Astrophysics | volume=474 | issue=2 | pages=653–664 | date=2007 | arxiv=0708.1752 | bibcode=2007A&A...474..653V | doi=10.1051/0004-6361:20078357 | access-date=2020-06-25 | |
<ref name="van Leeuwen2007">{{cite journal | title=Validation of the new Hipparcos reduction | url=http://www.aanda.org/index.php?option=com_article&access=bibcode&Itemid=129&bibcode=2007A%2526A...474..653VFUL | last1=van Leeuwen | first1=F. | journal=Astronomy and Astrophysics | volume=474 | issue=2 | pages=653–664 | date=2007 | arxiv=0708.1752 | bibcode=2007A&A...474..653V | doi=10.1051/0004-6361:20078357 | access-date=2020-06-25 | | | }} [http://webviz.u-strasbg.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-5?-out.add=.&-source=I/311/hip2&recno=76018 Vizier catalog entry ]</ref> |
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<ref name=allen98crb>{{cite web|url=http://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Gazetteer/Topics/astronomy/_Texts/secondary/ALLSTA/Corona_Borealis*.html|title=Corona Borealis, the Northern Crown, Star Names — Their Lore and Meaning|last=Allen|first1=Richard Hinckley|access-date=2020-06-25 |
<ref name=allen98crb>{{cite web|url=http://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Gazetteer/Topics/astronomy/_Texts/secondary/ALLSTA/Corona_Borealis*.html|title=Corona Borealis, the Northern Crown, Star Names — Their Lore and Meaning|last=Allen|first1=Richard Hinckley|access-date=2020-06-25}}</ref> |
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}} |
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[[Category:G-型主序星]] |
[[Category:G-型主序星]] |
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[[Category:A-型主序星]] |
[[Category:A-型主序星]] |
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[[Category:食 |
[[Category:食双星]] |
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[[Category:大熊座移 |
[[Category:大熊座移动星群]] |
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[[Category:有固有名的 |
[[Category:有固有名的恒星]] |
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[[Category:北冕座]] |
[[Category:北冕座]] |
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[[Category:拜耳天 |
[[Category:拜耳天体|北冕座,α]] |
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[[Category:BD、CD和CP天 |
[[Category:BD、CD和CP天体]] |
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[[Category:佛氏天 |
[[Category:佛氏天体|北冕座, 05]] |
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[[Category:HD和HDE天 |
[[Category:HD和HDE天体|139006]] |
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[[Category:HIP天 |
[[Category:HIP天体|076267]] |
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[[Category:HR天 |
[[Category:HR天体|5793]] |