危害分析重要管制點:修订间差异

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=== 台灣 ===
=== 台灣 ===
* 2008年以HACCP原則建立「食品安全管制系統」<ref name="(食品科學)(食品科學)2007">{{cite book|author1=汪復進 (食品科學)|author2=鄭聰旭 (食品科學)|title=HACCP: 理論與實務|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=5EM_QwAACAAJ|year=2007|publisher=新文京開發|isbn=978-986-150-691-3}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://consumer.fda.gov.tw/Law/Detail.aspx?nodeID=518&lawid=38 |title=食品安全管制系統 |access-date=2013-11-18 |archive-date=2015-06-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150610203600/https://consumer.fda.gov.tw/Law/Detail.aspx?nodeID=518&lawid=38 |dead-url=no }}</ref>,並推行餐飲業HACCP認證標章。<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://focus.www.gov.tw/subject/class.php?content_id=53 |title=中華民國官方網站 食品 > 餐飲衛生 |accessdate=2013-11-18 |archive-date=2013-06-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130602103108/http://focus.www.gov.tw/subject/class.php?content_id=53 |dead-url=no }}</ref>
* 2008年以HACCP原則建立「食品安全管制系統」<ref name="(食品科學)(食品科學)2007">{{cite book|author1=汪復進 (食品科學)|author2=鄭聰旭 (食品科學)|title=HACCP: 理論與實務||year=2007|publisher=新文京開發|isbn=978-986-150-691-3}}</ref><!-- removed_ref site163 by WaitSpring-bot (template) -->,並推行餐飲業HACCP認證標章。<!-- removed_ref site163 by WaitSpring-bot (template) -->
* 2015年7月1日起國際觀光旅館需強制實施
* 2015年7月1日起國際觀光旅館需強制實施


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| last = TQ Vision
| last = TQ Vision
| first =
| first =
| authorlink =
|
| coauthors =
| coauthors =
| title = Welcome to TQ Vision
| title = Welcome to TQ Vision
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| doi =
| doi =
| accessdate = 2007-10-09
| accessdate = 2007-10-09
| archive-date = 2020-11-14
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20201114050608/http://www.tqvision.com/
| dead-url = no
}}</ref><ref name=ic>{{cite web
}}</ref><ref name=ic>{{cite web
| last = International Certifications Limited
| last = International Certifications Limited
| first =
| first =
| authorlink =
|
| coauthors =
| coauthors =
| title = International Certifications
| title = International Certifications
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| doi =
| doi =
| accessdate = 2007-10-09
| accessdate = 2007-10-09
| archive-date = 2020-11-09
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20201109001423/https://intlcert.com/
| dead-url = no
}}</ref>。
}}</ref>。


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| last = American Society for Quality
| last = American Society for Quality
| first =
| first =
| authorlink =
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| coauthors =
| coauthors =
| title = HACCP Auditor Certification - CHA
| title = HACCP Auditor Certification - CHA
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| doi =
| doi =
| accessdate = 2007-10-09
| accessdate = 2007-10-09
| archive-date = 2007-10-18
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20071018035005/http://www.asq.org/certification/haccp-auditor/index.html
| dead-url = no
}}</ref>。
}}</ref>。


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=== ATP檢測 ===
=== ATP檢測 ===


由於所有存活的生物(包括微生物)體內都含[[三磷酸腺苷]]ATP,而其含量幾乎十分穩定,所以於環境中採集標本並計量ATP含量(例如以拭子套取100平方釐米的枱面),就可以間接反映環境中微生物的數量。這對於凍餅製作,奶制品廠等對微生物控制比較着緊的行業,ATP測量提供了一個十分便利的方案。<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://atp.holisticphysio.com/ |title=存档副本 |accessdate=2014-01-14 |archive-date=2014-01-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140115050443/http://atp.holisticphysio.com/ |dead-url=no }}</ref>ATP估量只要數分鐘就可完成,相反,傳統的細菌培養測試動輒要2至4天才完成,檢測完成時受污染產品可能已流出市面或過期。
由於所有存活的生物(包括微生物)體內都含[[三磷酸腺苷]]ATP,而其含量幾乎十分穩定,所以於環境中採集標本並計量ATP含量(例如以拭子套取100平方釐米的枱面),就可以間接反映環境中微生物的數量。這對於凍餅製作,奶制品廠等對微生物控制比較着緊的行業,ATP測量提供了一個十分便利的方案。<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://atp.holisticphysio.com/ |title=存档副本 |accessdate=2014-01-14 }}</ref>ATP估量只要數分鐘就可完成,相反,傳統的細菌培養測試動輒要2至4天才完成,檢測完成時受污染產品可能已流出市面或過期。


== 相關網站 ==
== 相關網站 ==
[http://www.chinese-haccp.org.tw/ Haccp社團法人中華食品安全管制系統發展協會] {{Wayback|url=http://www.chinese-haccp.org.tw/ |date=20201124013007 }}
[http://www.chinese-haccp.org.tw/ Haccp社團法人中華食品安全管制系統發展協會]


== 參考 ==
== 參考 ==
{{reflist|2}}
{{reflist}}


== 外部連結 ==
== 外部連結 ==
* [http://www.haccpalliance.org/ International HACCP Alliance] {{Wayback|url=http://www.haccpalliance.org/ |date=20210126030705 }}
* [http://www.haccpalliance.org/ International HACCP Alliance]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20130605093951/http://www.fsis.usda.gov/Science/Generic_HACCP_Models/index.asp Small & Very Small Plant Outreach] – [[FSIS]] guidances for meat and poultry products
* [http://www.fsis.usda.gov/Science/Generic_HACCP_Models/index.asp Small & Very Small Plant Outreach] – [[FSIS]] guidances for meat and poultry products
* [http://www.inspection.gc.ca/ Canadian Food Inspection Agency]{{Wayback|url=http://www.inspection.gc.ca/ |date=20040403234714 }} – contains free templates and guides for HACCP programs to meet Canadian Food and Drug Regulations for the public but targeting federally registered establishments.
* [http://www.inspection.gc.ca/ Canadian Food Inspection Agency] – contains free templates and guides for HACCP programs to meet Canadian Food and Drug Regulations for the public but targeting federally registered establishments.


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