PTEN（基因）：修订间差异

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{{PBB|geneid=5728}}
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<!-- 檔案不存在 [[File:PTEN.png|right|thumbnail|270px|PTEN蛋白（蓝色）与[[酒石酸]]（棕色）复合的[[空间结构模型]]<ref name="pmid10555148"/>。]] ，可從英文維基百科取得 -->
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'''磷酸酯酶与张力蛋白同源物'''（{{lang-en|Phosphatase and tensin homolog}}，简称为'''PTEN'''）是一种在人体中由''PTEN''[[基因]]编码的[[蛋白质]]<ref name="pmid9090379">{{Cite journal| author = Steck PA, Pershouse MA, Jasser SA, Yung WK, Lin H, Ligon AH, Langford LA, Baumgard ML, Hattier T, Davis T, Frye C, Hu R, Swedlund B, Teng DH, Tavtigian SV | title = Identification of a candidate tumour suppressor gene, MMAC1, at chromosome 10q23.3 that is mutated in multiple advanced cancers | journal = Nat. Genet. | volume = 15 | issue = 4 | pages = 356–62 | pmid = 9090379 | doi = 10.1038/ng0497-356 | url = |date=April 1997}}</ref>。该基因的突变是多种[[癌症]]进展过程的环节之一。
'''磷酸酯酶与张力蛋白同源物'''（{{lang-en|Phosphatase and tensin homolog}}，简称为'''PTEN'''）是一种在人体中由''PTEN''[[基因]]编码的[[蛋白质]]<ref name="pmid9090379">{{Cite journal| author = Steck PA, Pershouse MA, Jasser SA, Yung WK, Lin H, Ligon AH, Langford LA, Baumgard ML, Hattier T, Davis T, Frye C, Hu R, Swedlund B, Teng DH, Tavtigian SV | title = Identification of a candidate tumour suppressor gene, MMAC1, at chromosome 10q23.3 that is mutated in multiple advanced cancers | journal = Nat. Genet. | volume = 15 | issue = 4 | pages = 356–62 | pmid = 9090379 | doi = 10.1038/ng0497-356 | url = |date=1997-04}}</ref>。该基因的突变是多种[[癌症]]进展过程的环节之一。


''PTEN''通过其[[磷酸酯酶]]蛋白产物而行使一种[[抑癌基因]]的作用。这一磷酸酯酶参与了[[细胞周期]]的调节，阻止细胞过快地生长与分裂<ref name="pmid15448614">{{Cite journal | author = Chu EC, Tarnawski AS | title = PTEN regulatory functions in tumor suppression and cell biology | journal = Med. Sci. Monit. | volume = 10 | issue = 10 | pages = RA235–41 | pmid = 15448614 | doi = | url = http://www.medscimonit.com/fulltxt.php?ICID=11797 | date = October 2004 | access-date = 2013-05-25 | archive-date = 2012-02-14 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120214035838/http://www.medscimonit.com/fulltxt.php?ICID=11797 | dead-url = no }}</ref>。其为[[癌微RNA]][[MIRN21]]的靶之一。
''PTEN''通过其[[磷酸酯酶]]蛋白产物而行使一种[[抑癌基因]]的作用。这一磷酸酯酶参与了[[細胞周期|细胞周期]]的调节，阻止细胞过快地生长与分裂<ref name="pmid15448614">{{Cite journal | author = Chu EC, Tarnawski AS | title = PTEN regulatory functions in tumor suppression and cell biology | journal = Med. Sci. Monit. | volume = 10 | issue = 10 | pages = RA235–41 | pmid = 15448614 | doi = | url = http://www.medscimonit.com/fulltxt.php?ICID=11797 | date = 2004-10 | access-date = 2013-05-25 }}</ref>。其为[[癌微RNA]][[MIRN21]]的靶之一。


该基因被鉴定为一种肿瘤抑制物，在多种癌症中往往处于变异状态。该基因编码的蛋白质是一种磷脂酰肌醇-3,4,5-三磷酸3-磷酸酯酶。该蛋白同时含有一[[TNS1|张力蛋白]]样结构域及一催化结构域，这与双特异性[[蛋白酪氨酸磷酸酶]]很相似。但与大部分蛋白质酪氨酸磷酸酶不同的是，该蛋白偏好脱去[[磷酸肌醇]]底物上的磷酸。该蛋白负性调控胞内[[磷脂酰肌醇(3,4,5)-三磷酸|磷脂酰肌醇-3,4,5-三磷酸]]的水平，并通过负性调控[[Akt/PKB信号通道]]发挥抑癌基因的作用<ref>{{Cite web| title = Entrez Gene: PTEN phosphatase and tensin homolog (mutated in multiple advanced cancers 1)| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=5728| accessdate = | archive-date = 2010-03-07| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20100307094127/http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=5728| dead-url = no}}</ref>。
该基因被鉴定为一种肿瘤抑制物，在多种癌症中往往处于变异状态。该基因编码的蛋白质是一种磷脂酰肌醇-3,4,5-三磷酸3-磷酸酯酶。该蛋白同时含有一[[TNS1|张力蛋白]]样结构域及一催化结构域，这与双特异性[[蛋白酪氨酸磷酸酶]]很相似。但与大部分蛋白质酪氨酸磷酸酶不同的是，该蛋白偏好脱去[[磷酸肌醇]]底物上的磷酸。该蛋白负性调控胞内[[磷脂酰肌醇(3,4,5)-三磷酸|磷脂酰肌醇-3,4,5-三磷酸]]的水平，并通过负性调控[[Akt/PKB信号通道]]发挥抑癌基因的作用<ref>{{Cite web| title = Entrez Gene: PTEN phosphatase and tensin homolog (mutated in multiple advanced cancers 1)| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=5728| accessdate = }}</ref>。

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== 參考文献 ==
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== 参考文献 ==
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== 深入阅读 ==
== 深入阅读 ==
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* {{Cite journal| author=Pilarski R, Eng C | title=Will the real Cowden syndrome please stand up (again)? Expanding mutational and clinical spectra of the PTEN hamartoma tumour syndrome | journal=J Med Genet | year=2004 | pages=323–6 | volume=41 | issue=5 | pmid=15121767 | doi=10.1136/jmg.2004.018036 | pmc=1735782}}
* {{Cite journal| author=Pilarski R, Eng C | title=Will the real Cowden syndrome please stand up (again)? Expanding mutational and clinical spectra of the PTEN hamartoma tumour syndrome | journal=J Med Genet | year=2004 | pages=323–6 | volume=41 | issue=5 | pmid=15121767 | doi=10.1136/jmg.2004.018036 | pmc=1735782}}
* {{Cite journal| author=Sansal I, Sellers WR | title=The biology and clinical relevance of the PTEN tumor suppressor pathway | journal=J Clin Oncol | year=2004 | pages=2954–63 | volume=22 | issue=14 | pmid=15254063 | doi=10.1200/JCO.2004.02.141}}
* {{Cite journal| author=Sansal I, Sellers WR | title=The biology and clinical relevance of the PTEN tumor suppressor pathway | journal=J Clin Oncol | year=2004 | pages=2954–63 | volume=22 | issue=14 | pmid=15254063 | doi=10.1200/JCO.2004.02.141}}
* {{Cite journal| author=Waite KA, Eng C | title=Protean PTEN: Form and Function | url=https://archive.org/details/sim_american-journal-of-human-genetics_2002-04_70_4/page/829 | journal=Am J Hum Genet | year=2002 | pages=829–44 | volume=70 | issue=4 | pmid=11875759 | doi=10.1086/340026 | pmc=379112}}
* {{Cite journal| author=Waite KA, Eng C | title=Protean PTEN: Form and Function | | journal=Am J Hum Genet | year=2002 | pages=829–44 | volume=70 | issue=4 | pmid=11875759 | doi=10.1086/340026 | pmc=379112}}
* {{Cite journal| author=Zhou XP, Waite KA, Pilarski R, Hampel H, Fernandez MJ, Bos C, Dasouki M, Feldman GL, Greenberg LA, Ivanovich J, Matloff E, Patterson A, Pierpont ME, Russo D, Nassif NT, Eng C | title=Germline PTEN Promoter Mutations and Deletions in Cowden/Bannayan-Riley-Ruvalcaba Syndrome Result in Aberrant PTEN Protein and Dysregulation of the Phosphoinositol-3-Kinase/Akt Pathway | url=https://archive.org/details/sim_american-journal-of-human-genetics_2003-08_73_2/page/404 | journal=Am J Hum Genet | year=2003 | pages=404–11 | volume=73 | issue=2 | pmid=12844284 | doi=10.1086/377109 | pmc=1180378}}
* {{Cite journal| author=Zhou XP, Waite KA, Pilarski R, Hampel H, Fernandez MJ, Bos C, Dasouki M, Feldman GL, Greenberg LA, Ivanovich J, Matloff E, Patterson A, Pierpont ME, Russo D, Nassif NT, Eng C | title=Germline PTEN Promoter Mutations and Deletions in Cowden/Bannayan-Riley-Ruvalcaba Syndrome Result in Aberrant PTEN Protein and Dysregulation of the Phosphoinositol-3-Kinase/Akt Pathway | | journal=Am J Hum Genet | year=2003 | pages=404–11 | volume=73 | issue=2 | pmid=12844284 | doi=10.1086/377109 | pmc=1180378}}
* {{Cite journal| author=Ji S-P, Zhang Y, Cleemput JV, Jiang W, Liao M, Li L, Wan Q, Backstrom JR, Zhang X | title=Disruption of PTEN coupling with 5-HT2C receptors suppresses behavioral responses induced by drugs of abuse | journal=Nature Medicine | year=2006 | pages=324–9 | volume=12 | issue=3 | pmid=16474401 | doi=10.1038/nm1349}}
* {{Cite journal| author=Ji S-P, Zhang Y, Cleemput JV, Jiang W, Liao M, Li L, Wan Q, Backstrom JR, Zhang X | title=Disruption of PTEN coupling with 5-HT2C receptors suppresses behavioral responses induced by drugs of abuse | journal=Nature Medicine | year=2006 | pages=324–9 | volume=12 | issue=3 | pmid=16474401 | doi=10.1038/nm1349}}
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== 外部链接 ==
== 外部链接 ==
* [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bookshelf/br.fcgi?book=gene&part=phts GeneReviews/NCBI/NIH/UW entry on PTEN Hamartoma Tumor Syndrome (PHTS)]{{Wayback|url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bookshelf/br.fcgi?book=gene&part=phts |date=20101005181029 }}
* [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bookshelf/br.fcgi?book=gene&part=phts GeneReviews/NCBI/NIH/UW entry on PTEN Hamartoma Tumor Syndrome (PHTS)]
* {{MeshName|PTEN+Protein}}
* {{MeshName|PTEN+Protein}}
* {{UMichOPM|protein|pdbid|1d5r}}
* {{UMichOPM|protein|pdbid|1d5r}}
* {{Cite web | url = http://www.genecards.org/cgi-bin/carddisp.pl?gene=PTEN | title = PTEN Gene - phosphatase and tensin homolog | author = | authorlink = | coauthors = | date = | format = | work = GeneCards | publisher = The Weizmann Institute of Science | pages = | language = | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20071008150651/http://www.genecards.org/cgi-bin/carddisp.pl?gene=PTEN | archivedate = 2007-10-08 | quote = | accessdate = 2009-03-12 | dead-url = no }}
* {{Cite web | url = http://www.genecards.org/cgi-bin/carddisp.pl?gene=PTEN | title = PTEN Gene - phosphatase and tensin homolog | author = | | coauthors = | date = | format = | work = GeneCards | publisher = The Weizmann Institute of Science | pages = | language = | | | quote = | accessdate = 2009-03-12 | }}
* {{Cite web |url=http://www.alzforum.org/res/com/gen/alzgene/geneoverview.asp?geneid=351 |title=Gene overview of all published AD-association studies for PTEN |author= |authorlink= |coauthors= |date= |format= |work=Alzforum: AlzGene |publisher=Alzheimer Research Forum |pages= |language= |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090210213449/http://www.alzforum.org/res/com/gen/alzgene/geneoverview.asp?geneid=351 |archivedate=2009-02-10 |quote= |accessdate=2009-03-12 |deadurl=yes }}
* {{Cite web |url=http://www.alzforum.org/res/com/gen/alzgene/geneoverview.asp?geneid=351 |title=Gene overview of all published AD-association studies for PTEN |author= ||coauthors= |date= |format= |work=Alzforum: AlzGene |publisher=Alzheimer Research Forum |pages= |language= |||quote= |accessdate=2009-03-12 |}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20121207210858/http://www.ucdmc.ucdavis.edu/publish/news/mindinstitute/6866 Research shows gene defect's role in autism-like behavior]
* [http://www.ucdmc.ucdavis.edu/publish/news/mindinstitute/6866 Research shows gene defect's role in autism-like behavior]
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取自“https://www.qiuwenbaike.cn/wiki/PTEN（基因）”